{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162661743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761","title":"AndroidDaily: A Verifiable Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents on Real-World Closed-Source Applications","display_name":"AndroidDaily: A Verifiable Benchmark for Mobile GUI Agents on Real-World Closed-Source Applications","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162661743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137294572","display_name":"Yifan Sui","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sui, Yifan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137192385","display_name":"Xin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0998-7935"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137244784","display_name":"Hongbing Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Hongbing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137255318","display_name":"Fang Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117206774","display_name":"JiaHe Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lv, Jiahe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102254857","display_name":"Haolong Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan, Haolong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137298504","display_name":"Yeqing Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen, Yeqing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137245598","display_name":"Litao Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Litao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137246522","display_name":"Zhimin Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan, Zhimin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137286600","display_name":"Ziyang Meng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng, Ziyang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137279254","display_name":"Jia Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063278947","display_name":"Junbo Qi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4075-956X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi, Junbo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108395937","display_name":"Kaijun Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tan, Kaijun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137300580","display_name":"Zheng Ge","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ge, Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137216688","display_name":"Xiangyu Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Xiangyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137259985","display_name":"Daxin Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiang, Daxin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137274780","display_name":"Osamu Yoshie","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoshie, Osamu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.10520000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.10520000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.09589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.09549999982118607,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verifiable-secret-sharing","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","score":0.8388000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6891000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/android","display_name":"Android (operating system)","score":0.45579999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.350600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.33390000462532043}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85847156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59015987","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.8388000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7746000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6891000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557433098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94","display_name":"Android (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.45579999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.38580000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3815999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.350600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37789001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782543","display_name":"Graphical user interface","level":2,"score":0.33329999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781020372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q533093","display_name":"On the fly","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.27761","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,31,157],"rapid":[1],"development":[2],"of":[3,108],"GUI":[4,9],"foundation":[5],"models":[6],"and":[7,78,84,116,128,175],"mobile":[8,136,180],"agents":[10],"has":[11],"spurred":[12],"numerous":[13],"evaluation":[14,140],"benchmarks,":[15],"yet":[16],"most":[17],"rely":[18],"on":[19,104,143,165],"simulated":[20],"environments":[21],"or":[22],"open-source":[23],"applications,":[24],"leaving":[25],"real-world":[26],"closed-source":[27,36],"applications":[28,37,67],"largely":[29],"unevaluated.":[30],"core":[32],"difficulty":[33],"is":[34],"that":[35,149],"do":[38],"not":[39],"expose":[40],"internal":[41,145],"states,":[42],"making":[43],"traditional":[44],"automatic":[45,83],"verification":[46],"inapplicable.":[47],"To":[48,81],"bridge":[49],"this":[50],"gap,":[51],"we":[52,91],"introduce":[53],"AndroidDaily,":[54,166],"a":[55,100,105,161,168],"large-scale":[56],"benchmark":[57],"comprising":[58],"350":[59],"realistic":[60,179],"daily-use":[61],"tasks":[62],"across":[63],"94":[64],"high-frequency":[65],"Android":[66],"spanning":[68],"transportation,":[69],"shopping,":[70],"local":[71],"services,":[72],"entertainment,":[73],"content":[74],"creation,":[75],"social":[76],"media,":[77],"everyday":[79],"utilities.":[80],"enable":[82],"verifiable":[85,139],"assessment":[86],"in":[87,178],"these":[88,126],"opaque":[89],"environments,":[90],"propose":[92],"Guideline-grounded":[93],"Reviewer":[94],"for":[95],"Automatic":[96],"Diagnostic":[97],"Evaluation":[98],"(GRADE),":[99],"process-aware":[101],"evaluator":[102],"built":[103],"three-tiered":[106],"system":[107],"observable":[109],"external":[110],"guidelines:":[111],"operational":[112],"obligations,":[113],"output":[114],"quality,":[115],"negative":[117],"constraints.":[118],"GRADE":[119,150],"tracks":[120],"the":[121],"agent's":[122],"visual":[123],"trajectory":[124],"against":[125],"criteria":[127],"produces":[129],"step-level":[130],"diagnostic":[131],"judgments,":[132],"turning":[133],"long-horizon,":[134],"open-ended":[135],"interactions":[137],"into":[138],"without":[141],"relying":[142],"hidden":[144],"states.":[146],"Experiments":[147],"show":[148],"achieves":[151],"87.37\\%":[152],"agreement":[153],"with":[154],"human":[155],"evaluators.":[156],"strongest":[158],"model":[159],"reaches":[160],"62.0\\%":[162],"success":[163],"rate":[164],"highlighting":[167],"substantial":[169],"gap":[170],"between":[171],"current":[172],"reasoning":[173],"capabilities":[174],"practical":[176],"execution":[177],"workflows.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-29T00:00:00"}
