{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162528574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154","title":"MemMorph: Tool Hijacking in LLM Agents via Memory Poisoning","display_name":"MemMorph: Tool Hijacking in LLM Agents via Memory Poisoning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162528574","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137144126","display_name":"Xuanye Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Xuanye","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123312794","display_name":"Yongsen Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng, Yongsen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137176688","display_name":"Zhuqin Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Zhuqin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123347215","display_name":"Kaiyu Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhou, Kaiyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080863458","display_name":"Bowen Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9466-1195"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen, Bowen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137111245","display_name":"Haoran Ou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ou, Haoran","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137188228","display_name":"Tianwei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Tianwei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5137146793","display_name":"Kwok-Yan Lam","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lam, Kwok-Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.6506999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.6506999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.0885000005364418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12479","display_name":"Web Application Security Vulnerabilities","score":0.041099999099969864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compromise","display_name":"Compromise","score":0.5458999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.4512999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit","display_name":"Audit","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.43549999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audit-trail","display_name":"Audit trail","score":0.39309999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-integrity","display_name":"Data integrity","score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversary","display_name":"Adversary","score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.3294000029563904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7057999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6834999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46355384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q726686","display_name":"Compromise","level":2,"score":0.5458999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.4512999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.43549999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80958533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047174","display_name":"Audit trail","level":3,"score":0.39309999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.36899998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.29679998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776576444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q303569","display_name":"Attack surface","level":2,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140547941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7797194","display_name":"Threat model","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776527387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671839","display_name":"Invocation","level":2,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.27720001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13687954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826847","display_name":"Autonomous agent","level":2,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119907115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6815725","display_name":"Memory errors","level":3,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.26154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.8294581174850464}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"LLM-driven":[0],"agents":[1,19,47],"are":[2,94],"capable":[3],"of":[4,90,187],"selecting":[5],"external":[6],"tools":[7,22],"to":[8,52,117,144,160],"complete":[9],"users'":[10],"tasks.":[11],"However,":[12],"attackers":[13],"could":[14],"compromise":[15],"such":[16],"process,":[17,114],"steering":[18],"toward":[20],"inappropriate/wrong":[21],"and":[23,41,101,112,120,135,177],"enabling":[24],"malicious":[25],"actions.":[26],"Most":[27],"existing":[28],"attacks":[29],"primarily":[30],"manipulate":[31],"the":[32,64,73,81,108,122,126,155,185],"tool":[33,54,69,82,123],"metadata,":[34],"which":[35],"is":[36],"easily":[37],"detectable":[38],"by":[39,71,125,158],"auditing":[40],"may":[42],"lose":[43],"effectiveness":[44],"as":[45,96,174],"modern":[46],"increasingly":[48],"adopt":[49],"memory":[50,173],"modules":[51],"refine":[53],"selection":[55,70],"policies":[56],"through":[57],"accumulated":[58],"experience.":[59],"This":[60],"paper":[61],"proposes":[62],"MemMorph,":[63],"first":[65],"attack":[66,146,179],"that":[67,93,140],"bias":[68],"poisoning":[72],"agent's":[74,109],"long-term":[75,172],"memory.":[76],"Rather":[77],"than":[78],"explicitly":[79],"dictating":[80],"invocation":[83],"decision,":[84],"MemMorph":[85,141],"injects":[86],"a":[87,175],"small":[88],"number":[89],"crafted":[91],"records":[92,106],"disguised":[95],"technical":[97],"facts,":[98],"incident":[99],"reports,":[100],"operational":[102],"policies.":[103],"These":[104],"poisoned":[105],"reshape":[107],"contextual":[110],"perception":[111],"decision-making":[113],"leading":[115],"it":[116],"autonomously":[118],"infer":[119],"select":[121],"preferred":[124],"attacker.":[127],"Experiments":[128],"across":[129],"3":[130,136,166],"benchmarks,":[131],"10":[132],"agent":[133],"backbones,":[134],"memory-module":[137],"implementations":[138],"show":[139],"achieves":[142],"up":[143,159],"85.9%":[145],"success":[147],"rate":[148],"with":[149],"only":[150],"three":[151],"injected":[152],"records,":[153],"outperforming":[154],"strongest":[156],"baseline":[157],"25%":[161],"while":[162],"retaining":[163],"potency":[164],"under":[165],"representative":[167],"defenses.":[168],"Our":[169],"findings":[170],"expose":[171],"critical":[176],"under-explored":[178],"surface":[180],"in":[181],"tool-augmented":[182],"agents,":[183],"urging":[184],"development":[186],"memory-level":[188],"integrity":[189],"safeguards.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-28T00:00:00"}
