{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162135323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937","title":"Lost in the Prefix: Revisiting IP Geolocation Accuracy Across Networks and Geographies","display_name":"Lost in the Prefix: Revisiting IP Geolocation Accuracy Across Networks and Geographies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162135323","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136766016","display_name":"Syed Tauhidun Nabi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nabi, Syed Tauhidun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119307731","display_name":"Jocelyn Bliton","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bliton, Jocelyn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136055493","display_name":"Tijay Chung","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung, Tijay","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004946056","display_name":"Shaddi Hasan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5432-6952"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasan, Shaddi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.24500000476837158,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.24500000476837158,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.2061000019311905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11499","display_name":"ICT Impact and Policies","score":0.09849999845027924,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geolocation","display_name":"Geolocation","score":0.8427000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prefix","display_name":"Prefix","score":0.585099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.40860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-network","display_name":"Global network","score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.3287000060081482}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22041718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638949","display_name":"Geolocation","level":2,"score":0.8427000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141603448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134830","display_name":"Prefix","level":2,"score":0.585099995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5620999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.40860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.38989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123138037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5570871","display_name":"Global network","level":2,"score":0.35350000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3095000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.30079999566078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.28859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75291252","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1315756","display_name":"TRACE (psycholinguistics)","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.25780001282691956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21937","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5412557125091553,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"IP":[0],"geolocation":[1],"databases":[2],"are":[3,114],"widely":[4],"used":[5],"in":[6,94,107],"research,":[7],"policy,":[8],"and":[9,17,36,44,72,88,110,123],"industry,":[10],"yet":[11],"their":[12],"accuracy":[13],"across":[14,47,66],"network":[15,155],"types":[16],"geographies":[18,113],"remains":[19],"poorly":[20],"characterized.":[21],"We":[22,50,96],"present":[23],"a":[24,101,141],"large":[25],"scale":[26],"evaluation":[27],"of":[28,126,153],"four":[29],"major":[30],"providers":[31,68],"(MaxMind":[32],"GeoLite2,":[33],"IPinfo,":[34],"IP2Location,":[35],"DB-IP)":[37],"using":[38],"ground":[39],"truth":[40],"from":[41],"RIPE":[42],"Atlas":[43],"UNICEF":[45],"Giga":[46],"175":[48],"countries.":[49],"find":[51],"that":[52,73],"mobile":[53,108,127],"networks":[54,65,109],"exhibit":[55],"median":[56],"errors":[57,151],"more":[58,115,130],"than":[59,63,82,120,131],"10":[60],"times":[61],"higher":[62,79],"fixed":[64],"all":[67],"(179--207~km":[69],"vs.\\":[70],"3--16~km),":[71],"Global":[74,83,111],"South":[75,112],"regions":[76],"show":[77],"significantly":[78],"failure":[80],"rates":[81],"North:":[84],"Asia":[85],"exceeds":[86],"53--61\\%":[87],"Africa":[89],"66--72\\%,":[90],"compared":[91],"to":[92,100,117,137],"9--20\\%":[93],"Europe.":[95],"trace":[97],"both":[98],"gaps":[99],"shared":[102],"structural":[103],"source:":[104],"provider":[105],"prefixes":[106,128,146],"likely":[116],"be":[118],"coarser":[119,145],"BGP":[121],"announcements,":[122],"approximately":[124],"70\\%":[125],"span":[129],"100~km":[132],"geographically.":[133],"Our":[134],"findings":[135],"point":[136],"prefix":[138],"granularity":[139],"as":[140],"common":[142],"explanatory":[143],"factor:":[144],"consistently":[147],"produce":[148],"the":[149],"highest":[150],"regardless":[152],"provider,":[154],"type,":[156],"or":[157],"geography.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-05-23T00:00:00"}