{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162103430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683","title":"Investigating Concept Alignment Using Implausible Category Members","display_name":"Investigating Concept Alignment Using Implausible Category Members","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162103430","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071963485","display_name":"Sunayana Rane","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rane, Sunayana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011713946","display_name":"Brenden M. Lake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8959-3401"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lake, Brenden M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136791422","display_name":"Thomas L. Griffiths","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Griffiths, Thomas L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.6535000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.6535000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.056299999356269836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11431","display_name":"Action Observation and Synchronization","score":0.03060000017285347,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superordinate-goals","display_name":"Superordinate goals","score":0.9415000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.6218000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recall","display_name":"Recall","score":0.44620001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorization","display_name":"Categorization","score":0.3928000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concept-learning","display_name":"Concept learning","score":0.38830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3594000041484833}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78022038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7644082","display_name":"Superordinate goals","level":2,"score":0.9415000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.6218000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.47510001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.44620001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.3928000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3901999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48164120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4491893","display_name":"Concept learning","level":2,"score":0.38830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.3846000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.3808000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.37059998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3594000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164387","display_name":"Construals","level":3,"score":0.311599999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47385372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098943","display_name":"Optimal distinctiveness theory","level":2,"score":0.29249998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780834244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3356722","display_name":"Natural kind","level":3,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76363472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437394","display_name":"Formal concept analysis","level":2,"score":0.2667999863624573}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.21683","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Developing":[0],"AI":[1,101,215],"systems":[2,18],"with":[3,212],"a":[4,11,37,39,73,94,110,154],"human-like":[5],"understanding":[6],"of":[7,60,79,96,104,123,145,156,204],"everyday":[8],"concepts":[9,98,157],"is":[10,41],"key":[12],"step":[13],"towards":[14],"developing":[15],"safe,":[16],"reliable":[17],"whose":[19],"behavior":[20,211],"makes":[21],"sense":[22],"to":[23,43,75,106,127,135,175,194],"humans.":[24,88],"When":[25],"probing":[26],"concept":[27,91,205],"understanding,":[28],"asking":[29,64],"questions":[30],"about":[31,65],"plausible":[32],"category":[33,67,184],"members":[34,68,185],"(e.g.,":[35,69],"\"Is":[36,70],"car":[38],"vehicle?\")":[40,74],"likely":[42],"recall":[44],"patterns":[45],"in":[46,86,163],"the":[47,58,77,124,142,195],"model's":[48],"vast":[49],"training":[50],"data.":[51],"We":[52,89,131,198],"pursue":[53],"an":[54,71],"alternative":[55],"strategy,":[56],"characterizing":[57],"boundaries":[59,92],"conceptual":[61],"categories":[62,108,176,193],"by":[63,99,114,138],"implausible":[66],"olive":[72],"probe":[76],"kind":[78],"concept-level":[80],"knowledge":[81],"we":[82],"take":[83],"for":[84,93,158,214],"granted":[85],"fellow":[87],"characterize":[90],"set":[95],"fundamental":[97],"studying":[100],"systems'":[102],"assignments":[103,122,134],"objects":[105,126],"superordinate":[107,129],"from":[109,168,191],"classic":[111],"psychological":[112],"study":[113],"Rosch":[115],"and":[116,147,165,179,188],"Mervis,":[117],"as":[118,120,173,186],"well":[119],"their":[121],"same":[125],"mismatched":[128],"categories.":[130],"compare":[132],"these":[133,202],"those":[136],"made":[137],"human":[139],"participants":[140],"on":[141],"full":[143],"range":[144,155],"within-category":[146],"cross-category":[148],"assignment":[149],"tasks.":[150],"Our":[151],"results":[152],"reveal":[153],"which":[159,160],"models":[161],"differ":[162],"meaningful":[164],"surprising":[166],"ways":[167],"humans,":[169],"including":[170],"treating":[171],"\"words\"":[172],"belonging":[174],"like":[177],"\"vehicles\"":[178],"\"clothing,\"":[180],"identifying":[181],"several":[182],"\"vegetable\"":[183],"\"fruit,\"":[187],"assigning":[189],"exemplars":[190],"non-weapon":[192],"\"weapons\"":[196],"category.":[197],"also":[199],"demonstrate":[200],"how":[201],"instances":[203],"misalignment":[206],"translate":[207],"into":[208],"problematic":[209],"downstream":[210],"implications":[213],"safety.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-23T00:00:00"}
