{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161137022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223","title":"Skill-Aligned Annotation for Reliable Evaluation in Text-to-Image Generation","display_name":"Skill-Aligned Annotation for Reliable Evaluation in Text-to-Image Generation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161137022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033942292","display_name":"Abdelrahman Eldesokey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-7153"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eldesokey, Abdelrahman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016867435","display_name":"Merey Ramazanova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6234-0831"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramazanova, Merey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136134154","display_name":"Ahmad Sait","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sait, Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136134355","display_name":"Ansar Khangeldin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khangeldin, Ansar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136140496","display_name":"Karen Sanchez","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanchez, Karen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136102171","display_name":"Tong Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136094632","display_name":"Bernard Ghanem","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghanem, Bernard","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.89410001039505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.89410001039505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.03290000185370445,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.018799999728798866,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.861299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.6699000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.6402999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.616100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.4771000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.44020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaluation-methods","display_name":"Evaluation methods","score":0.4004000127315521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.861299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.6699000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.6402999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.616100013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4909000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.4771000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.44020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4366999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4228000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018395757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379672","display_name":"Evaluation methods","level":2,"score":0.4004000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.2856999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.13223","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7582816481590271,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Text-to-image":[0],"(T2I)":[1],"generation":[2],"has":[3],"advanced":[4],"rapidly,":[5],"making":[6],"reliable":[7,148],"evaluation":[8,17,34,48,64,81,102,108,122,141],"critical":[9],"as":[10,25,143],"performance":[11],"differences":[12,38],"between":[13],"models":[14],"narrow.":[15],"Existing":[16],"practices":[18],"typically":[19],"apply":[20],"uniform":[21,72],"annotation":[22,56,70,131],"mechanisms,":[23],"such":[24],"Likert-scale":[26],"or":[27],"binary":[28],"question":[29],"answering":[30],"(BQA),":[31],"across":[32,90],"heterogeneous":[33],"skills,":[35],"despite":[36],"fundamental":[37],"in":[39],"their":[40],"nature.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43,135],"work,":[44],"we":[45,93],"revisit":[46],"T2I":[47],"through":[49],"the":[50,59,100,118],"lens":[51],"of":[52,62,120,147],"skill-aligned":[53,69],"annotation,":[54],"where":[55],"strategies":[57],"reflect":[58],"underlying":[60],"characteristics":[61],"each":[63],"skill.":[65],"We":[66,133],"systematically":[67],"compare":[68],"against":[71],"baselines":[73],"and":[74,87,106,126],"show":[75],"that":[76,98,116],"it":[77],"produces":[78],"more":[79],"consistent":[80],"signals,":[82],"with":[83,109],"higher":[84],"inter-annotator":[85],"agreement":[86],"improved":[88],"stability":[89],"models.":[91],"Finally,":[92],"present":[94],"an":[95],"automated":[96],"pipeline":[97],"instantiates":[99],"proposed":[101],"protocol,":[103],"enabling":[104],"scalable":[105],"fine-grained":[107],"spatially":[110],"grounded":[111],"feedback.":[112],"Our":[113],"work":[114],"highlights":[115],"improving":[117],"foundations":[119],"image":[121],"can":[123],"increase":[124],"reliability":[125],"efficiency":[127],"without":[128],"simply":[129],"scaling":[130],"effort.":[132],"hope":[134],"motivates":[136],"further":[137],"research":[138],"on":[139],"refining":[140],"protocols":[142],"a":[144],"central":[145],"component":[146],"model":[149],"assessment.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-15T00:00:00"}