{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7161064272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611","title":"CuSearch: Curriculum Rollout Sampling via Search Depth for Agentic RAG","display_name":"CuSearch: Curriculum Rollout Sampling via Search Depth for Agentic RAG","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7161064272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090122335","display_name":"Jianghan Shen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen, Jianghan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136023973","display_name":"Siqi Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luo, Siqi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136048144","display_name":"Xinyu Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng, Xinyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136081564","display_name":"Jing Xiong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiong, Jing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136044819","display_name":"Yue Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136067067","display_name":"Jiyao Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Jiyao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136029875","display_name":"Jiashi Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin, Jiashi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136083549","display_name":"Yirong Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Yirong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136027909","display_name":"Junjun He","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He, Junjun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.2989000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.2989000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.12630000710487366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11307","display_name":"Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning","score":0.09480000287294388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.5853000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curriculum","display_name":"Curriculum","score":0.5275999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proxy","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","score":0.4196999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling-distribution","display_name":"Sampling distribution","score":0.39959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/no-child-left-behind","display_name":"No child left behind","score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.35120001435279846}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6018999814987183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.5853000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5275999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780148112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432581","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.4196999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167723999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3773214","display_name":"Sampling distribution","level":2,"score":0.39959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983172159","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329394","display_name":"No child left behind","level":3,"score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.357699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.3450999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85847156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59015987","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17020691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139677","display_name":"Operator (biology)","level":5,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52740198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1539564","display_name":"Importance sampling","level":3,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776650193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264661","display_name":"Obstacle","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.11611","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.44282034039497375,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reinforcement":[0],"Learning":[1],"with":[2],"Verifiable":[3],"Rewards":[4],"(RLVR)":[5],"has":[6],"emerged":[7],"as":[8,35,73,136,148,184],"a":[9,97,108,113,185],"promising":[10],"paradigm":[11],"for":[12,63,189],"training":[13,72],"agentic":[14,195],"retrieval-augmented":[15],"generation":[16],"(RAG)":[17],"systems":[18],"from":[19,27],"outcome-only":[20],"supervision.":[21],"Most":[22],"existing":[23],"methods":[24],"optimize":[25],"policies":[26],"uniformly":[28],"sampled":[29],"rollouts,":[30],"implicitly":[31],"treating":[32],"all":[33],"trajectories":[34,39,52,126,150],"equally":[36,49],"informative.":[37],"However,":[38],"differ":[40],"substantially":[41],"in":[42,127,193],"search":[43,182],"depth":[44,76,138,183],"and":[45,58,158],"are":[46],"therefore":[47],"not":[48],"informative:":[50],"deeper-search":[51,118],"contain":[53],"more":[54],"retrieval":[55,65,159,190],"decision":[56],"points":[57,172],"provide":[59],"denser":[60],"direct":[61],"supervision":[62,191],"the":[64,74,123,128,137,145],"sub-policy.":[66],"Moreover,":[67],"this":[68,89],"heterogeneity":[69],"grows":[70],"over":[71,173],"within-batch":[75],"distribution":[77,139],"shifts":[78,140],"toward":[79,117],"higher":[80],"values,":[81],"yet":[82],"uniform":[83],"rollout":[84,99],"sampling":[85,100],"remains":[86],"blind":[87],"to":[88,169],"shift.":[90],"To":[91],"address":[92],"this,":[93],"we":[94],"propose":[95],"CuSearch,":[96],"curriculum":[98,135,146],"framework":[101],"built":[102],"on":[103,176],"Search-Depth":[104],"Greedy":[105],"Allocation":[106],"(SDGA),":[107],"batch-level":[109],"operator":[110],"that":[111,162],"reallocates":[112],"fixed":[114],"update":[115],"budget":[116],"trajectories.":[119],"SDGA-Auto":[120],"always":[121],"targets":[122],"deepest":[124],"available":[125],"current":[129],"batch,":[130],"yielding":[131],"an":[132],"implicit":[133],"training-aligned":[134],"upward.":[141],"SDGA-Phase":[142],"explicitly":[143],"advances":[144],"threshold":[147],"deeper":[149],"become":[151],"sufficiently":[152],"abundant.":[153],"Experiments":[154],"across":[155],"model":[156],"types":[157],"frameworks":[160],"show":[161],"CuSearch":[163],"consistently":[164],"improves":[165],"performance,":[166],"achieving":[167],"up":[168],"11.8":[170],"exact-match":[171],"standard":[174],"GRPO":[175],"ZeroSearch.":[177],"These":[178],"results":[179],"establish":[180],"per-trajectory":[181],"reliable,":[186],"annotation-free":[187],"proxy":[188],"density":[192],"RLVR-based":[194],"RAG":[196],"training.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-14T00:00:00"}
