{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160918395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415","title":"Aligning LLM Uncertainty with Human Disagreement in Subjectivity Analysis","display_name":"Aligning LLM Uncertainty with Human Disagreement in Subjectivity Analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160918395","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135945320","display_name":"Junyu Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu, Junyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135981150","display_name":"Deyi Ji","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji, Deyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074202298","display_name":"Xuanyi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7542-3882"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Xuanyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135952114","display_name":"Lanyun Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu, Lanyun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135992488","display_name":"Bo Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Bo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135915020","display_name":"Liang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-463X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang, Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hua, Xian-Sheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua, Xian-Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Lin, Hongfei","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin, Hongfei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.20739999413490295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.20739999413490295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.17829999327659607,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.1152999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overconfidence-effect","display_name":"Overconfidence effect","score":0.7703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subjectivity","display_name":"Subjectivity","score":0.7407000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6258000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.43299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51110983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16503490","display_name":"Overconfidence effect","level":2,"score":0.7703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202889954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1139554","display_name":"Subjectivity","level":2,"score":0.7407000064849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6258000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.510200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45179998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4507000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.40939998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3767000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.37049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177803969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29205","display_name":"Uncertainty analysis","level":2,"score":0.3578999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780224610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1530061","display_name":"Credibility","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94361409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882500","display_name":"Uncertainty reduction theory","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32230216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882499","display_name":"Uncertainty quantification","level":2,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.266400009393692}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.10415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.613693356513977,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1],"models":[2,54,85],"for":[3],"subjectivity":[4,51,142],"analysis":[5,143],"are":[6,55],"typically":[7],"trained":[8],"with":[9,134,156],"aggregated":[10],"labels,":[11],"which":[12],"compress":[13],"variations":[14],"in":[15,41],"human":[16,65,136,157],"judgment":[17],"into":[18],"a":[19,73],"single":[20],"supervision":[21],"signal.":[22],"This":[23],"paradigm":[24],"overlooks":[25],"the":[26,98,106,117,130,135],"intrinsic":[27],"uncertainty":[28,62,91,118,155],"of":[29],"low-agreement":[30],"samples":[31],"and":[32,39,77,90,128,164],"often":[33],"induces":[34],"overconfident":[35],"predictions,":[36],"undermining":[37],"reliability":[38],"generalization":[40],"complex":[42],"subjective":[43],"settings.":[44],"In":[45,97,116],"this":[46,69],"work,":[47],"we":[48,71],"advocate":[49],"uncertainty-aware":[50,95,126],"analysis,":[52],"where":[53],"expected":[56],"to":[57,109],"make":[58],"predictions":[59],"while":[60,112,151],"expressing":[61],"that":[63,146],"reflects":[64],"disagreement.":[66],"To":[67],"operationalize":[68],"perspective,":[70],"propose":[72],"two-phase":[74],"Disagreement":[75],"Perception":[76],"Uncertainty":[78],"Alignment":[79],"(DPUA)":[80],"framework.":[81],"Specifically,":[82],"DPUA":[83,147],"jointly":[84],"label":[86],"prediction,":[87],"rationale":[88],"generation,":[89],"expression":[92,133],"under":[93],"an":[94],"setting.":[96],"disagreement":[99,137],"perception":[100],"phase,":[101,120],"adaptive":[102],"decoupled":[103],"learning":[104],"enhances":[105],"model's":[107,131],"sensitivity":[108],"disagreement-related":[110],"cues":[111],"preserving":[113],"task":[114,149],"performance.":[115],"alignment":[119],"GRPO-based":[121],"reward":[122],"optimization":[123],"further":[124],"improves":[125],"reasoning":[127],"aligns":[129],"confidence":[132],"distribution.":[138],"Experiments":[139],"on":[140,161],"three":[141],"tasks":[144],"show":[145],"preserves":[148],"performance":[150],"better":[152],"aligning":[153],"model":[154],"disagreement,":[158],"mitigating":[159],"overconfidence":[160],"boundary":[162],"samples,":[163],"improving":[165],"out-of-distribution":[166],"generalization.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-21T08:15:58.654021","created_date":"2026-05-13T00:00:00"}
