{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160836654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07632","title":"Post-training makes large language models less human-like","display_name":"Post-training makes large language models less human-like","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160836654","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07632"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_3709370","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0013-0FAC-A","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07632","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135888758","display_name":"Marcel Binz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Binz, Marcel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092048108","display_name":"Elif Akata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2016-7671"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akata, Elif","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064296964","display_name":"Abdullah Almaatouq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8467-9123"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Almaatouq, Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098798699","display_name":"Mohammed Alsobay","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alsobay, Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135867815","display_name":"Oleksii Ariasov","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ariasov, Oleksii","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135888204","display_name":"Franziska Br\u00e4ndle","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Br\u00e4ndle, Franziska","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126335959","display_name":"David Broska","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Broska, David","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070346701","display_name":"Jason W. Burton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6797-2299"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Burton, Jason W.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064784799","display_name":"Nuno Busch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0032-1189"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Busch, Nuno","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135905774","display_name":"Frederick Callaway","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Callaway, Frederick","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135901096","display_name":"Vanessa Wan Suen Cheung","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheung, Vanessa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135884520","display_name":"Brian Christian","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian, Brian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089420217","display_name":"Julian Coda-Forno","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Coda-Forno, Julian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092206127","display_name":"Can Demircan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Demircan, Can","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080875273","display_name":"Vittoria Dentella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6697-9184"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dentella, Vittoria","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135883606","display_name":"Maria K. Eckstein","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eckstein, Maria K.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058612078","display_name":"No\u00e9mi \u00c9ltet\u0151","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2507-0999"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"\u00c9ltet\u0151, No\u00e9mi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076654614","display_name":"Michael Franke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9670-8510"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franke, Michael","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135830750","display_name":"Thomas L. Griffiths","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Griffiths, Thomas L.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135879411","display_name":"Fritz G\u00fcnther","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G\u00fcnther, Fritz","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037242524","display_name":"Susanne Haridi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5738-2236"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haridi, Susanne","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102019010","display_name":"Sebastian Hellmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6006-5103"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hellmann, Sebastian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135881105","display_name":"Stefan Herytash","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herytash, Stefan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050710630","display_name":"Linus Hof","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hof, Linus","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030620210","display_name":"Eleanor Holton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8162-4151"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Holton, Eleanor","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002313558","display_name":"Isabelle Hoxha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4885-5473"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoxha, Isabelle","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111260829","display_name":"Zak Hussain","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hussain, Zak","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134845579","display_name":"Akshay Jagadish","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jagadish, Akshay","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085984497","display_name":"Elif Kara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6321-416X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kara, Elif","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012832588","display_name":"Valentin Kriegmair","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kriegmair, Valentin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135859076","display_name":"Evelina Leivada","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leivada, Evelina","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135894797","display_name":"Li Ji-An","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji-An, Li","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063259211","display_name":"Tobias Ludwig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2436-7707"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ludwig, Tobias","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135879039","display_name":"Maximilian Maier","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maier, Maximilian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135879877","display_name":"Marcelo G. Mattar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mattar, Marcelo G.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078623670","display_name":"Marvin Mathony","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-1815"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathony, Marvin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036061801","display_name":"Alireza Modirshanechi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7870-8602"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Modirshanechi, Alireza","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134251196","display_name":"Robin Na","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na, Robin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135848695","display_name":"Mariia Nadverniuk","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadverniuk, Mariia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092124015","display_name":"Antonios Nasioulas","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasioulas, Antonios","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110732541","display_name":"Surabhi S Nath","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nath, Surabhi S.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079687505","display_name":"Helen Niemeyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7616-1885"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niemeyer, Helen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033898737","display_name":"Kate Nussenbaum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7185-6880"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nussenbaum, Kate","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135870153","display_name":"Sebastian Olschewski","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olschewski, Sebastian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077163579","display_name":"Thorsten Pachur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6391-4107"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pachur, Thorsten","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135843325","display_name":"Stefano Palminteri","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Palminteri, Stefano","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092349852","display_name":"Aliona Petrenco","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Petrenco, Aliona","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015687563","display_name":"Camille V. Phaneuf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-9631"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phaneuf-Hadd, Camille V.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135864150","display_name":"Angelo Pirrone","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pirrone, Angelo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135854587","display_name":"Manuel Rausch","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rausch, Manuel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092349851","display_name":"Laura Raveling","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raveling, Laura","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135838256","display_name":"Shashank Reddy","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reddy, Shashank","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068498152","display_name":"Milena Rmus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2044-048X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rmus, Milena","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034629361","display_name":"Evan M. Russek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2929-6912"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Russek, Evan M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039113573","display_name":"Tankred Saanum","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saanum, Tankred","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135860336","display_name":"Kai Sandbrink","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandbrink, Kai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124946653","display_name":"Louis Schiekiera","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schiekiera, Louis","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135896577","display_name":"Johannes A. Schubert","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schubert, Johannes A.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035640324","display_name":"Luca M. Schulze Buschoff","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Buschoff, Luca M. Schulze","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083337957","display_name":"Nishad Singhi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Singhi, Nishad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010222919","display_name":"Leah H. Somerville","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3747-6884"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Somerville, Leah H.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055059743","display_name":"Mikhail S. Spektor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0652-1993"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spektor, Mikhail S.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135900600","display_name":"Xin Sui","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sui, Xin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135868426","display_name":"Christopher Summerfield","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Summerfield, Christopher","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021025575","display_name":"Mirko Thalmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thalmann, Mirko","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135870388","display_name":"Anna I. Thoma","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thoma, Anna I.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116419048","display_name":"Taisiia Tikhomirova","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tikhomirova, Taisiia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135901182","display_name":"Vuong Truong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Truong, Vuong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015037928","display_name":"Polina Tsvilodub","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsvilodub, Polina","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036818549","display_name":"Konstantinos Voudouris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8453-3557"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Voudouris, Konstantinos","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135877071","display_name":"Robert C. Wilson","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Witte, Kristin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135904065","display_name":"Kristin Witte","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Shuchen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135861159","display_name":"Shuchen Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wulff, Dirk U.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006793496","display_name":"Dirk U. Wulff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4008-8022"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiong, Hua-Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017881529","display_name":"Hua-Dong Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5875-4062"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Songlin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135859082","display_name":"Songlin Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying, Lance","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053765058","display_name":"Lance Ying","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4104-4088"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Xinyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135883236","display_name":"Xinyu Zhangmaolu Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu, Jian-Qiao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018060667","display_name":"Jian-Qiao Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Schulz, Eric","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":79,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.1876000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.1876000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.1462000012397766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.10350000113248825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.6460999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.5961999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.5246000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-language","display_name":"Human language","score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-model","display_name":"Computational model","score":0.3625999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.3522999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/model-validation","display_name":"Model validation","score":0.3287000060081482}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7002000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.6460999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.5961999893188477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5385000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5246000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993724205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315","display_name":"Human language","level":2,"score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3955000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.38690000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.3625999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.3522999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019813237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65089264","display_name":"Model validation","level":2,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.31150001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.30640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179603123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941921","display_name":"Modeling language","level":3,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.2644999921321869}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_3709370","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0013-0FAC-A","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.07632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.07632","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07632","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1],"models":[2,17,52,80,99,137],"(LLMs)":[3],"are":[4,123],"increasingly":[5],"used":[6],"as":[7,78],"surrogates":[8],"for":[9,93],"human":[10,20,61,139],"participants,":[11],"but":[12],"it":[13],"remains":[14],"unclear":[15],"which":[16],"best":[18],"capture":[19],"behavior":[21,62,96],"and":[22,67],"why.":[23],"To":[24],"address":[25],"this,":[26],"we":[27,85],"introduce":[28],"Psych-201,":[29],"a":[30,90],"novel":[31],"dataset":[32],"that":[33,44,49,87,118,122],"enables":[34],"us":[35],"to":[36,82,126],"measure":[37],"behavioral":[38],"alignment":[39,59],"at":[40,108],"scale.":[41],"We":[42],"find":[43,86],"post-training":[45],"--":[46,56,89,103],"the":[47,109,119],"stage":[48],"turns":[50],"base":[51,79],"into":[53,129],"useful":[54,130],"assistants":[55,131],"consistently":[57],"reduces":[58],"with":[60],"across":[63],"model":[64,75],"families,":[65],"sizes,":[66],"objectives.":[68],"Moreover,":[69],"this":[70],"misalignment":[71],"widens":[72],"in":[73],"newer":[74],"generations":[76],"even":[77],"continue":[81],"improve.":[83],"Finally,":[84],"persona-induction":[88],"popular":[91],"technique":[92],"eliciting":[94],"human-like":[95],"by":[97],"conditioning":[98],"on":[100],"participant-specific":[101],"information":[102],"does":[104],"not":[105],"improve":[106],"predictions":[107],"level":[110],"of":[111,138],"individuals.":[112],"Taken":[113],"together,":[114],"our":[115],"results":[116],"suggest":[117],"very":[120],"processes":[121],"currently":[124],"employed":[125],"turn":[127],"LLMs":[128],"also":[132],"make":[133],"them":[134],"less":[135],"accurate":[136],"behavior.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-05-12T00:00:00"}