{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160859324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021","title":"Behavior Cue Reasoning: Monitorable Reasoning Improves Efficiency and Safety through Oversight","display_name":"Behavior Cue Reasoning: Monitorable Reasoning Improves Efficiency and Safety through Oversight","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160859324","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135867271","display_name":"Christopher Z. Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cui, Christopher Z.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007476482","display_name":"Taylor W. Killian","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Killian, Taylor W.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029637639","display_name":"Prithviraj Ammanabrolu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1950-0454"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ammanabrolu, Prithviraj","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.3237000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.3237000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.13369999825954437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.1023000031709671,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.5813999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.545799970626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5117999911308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reasoning-system","display_name":"Reasoning system","score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.47540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.43639999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-monotonic-logic","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","score":0.43630000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automated-reasoning","display_name":"Automated reasoning","score":0.4205999970436096}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7046999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.5813999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.545799970626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5117999911308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89288958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7301504","display_name":"Reasoning system","level":2,"score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.47540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45879998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.43639999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159032336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2488768","display_name":"Non-monotonic logic","level":2,"score":0.43630000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.42590001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.4205999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.38179999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.3720000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.3716000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37335422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888134","display_name":"Model-based reasoning","level":3,"score":0.33809998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92991967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7644329","display_name":"Supervisory control","level":3,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86827895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7098582","display_name":"Opportunistic reasoning","level":4,"score":0.28060001134872437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776240099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327018","display_name":"Interrogation","level":2,"score":0.2793000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775907273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7805281","display_name":"Time constraint","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.07021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4286504089832306,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Reasoning":[0,28,175],"in":[1,103,116,124],"Large":[2],"Language":[3],"Models":[4],"(LLMs)":[5],"poses":[6],"a":[7,44,67,77],"challenge":[8],"for":[9,29,74,90,129],"oversight":[10,192],"as":[11,58],"many":[12],"misaligned":[13],"behaviors":[14],"do":[15],"not":[16],"surface":[17],"until":[18],"reasoning":[19,32,75,101,138,177],"concludes.":[20],"To":[21],"address":[22],"this,":[23],"we":[24,170],"introduce":[25],"Behavior":[26,37,85,126,173],"Cue":[27,174],"making":[30],"LLM":[31],"more":[33,151,205],"controllable":[34],"and":[35,54,62,167,179],"monitorable.":[36],"Cues":[38,86,127],"are":[39],"special":[40],"token":[41],"sequences":[42],"that":[43,140,172],"model":[45,165,198],"is":[46,87],"trained":[47,202],"to":[48,93,96,159,184,203,207],"emit":[49],"immediately":[50],"before":[51],"specific":[52],"implicit":[53],"explicit":[55],"behaviors,":[56],"acting":[57],"dual":[59],"purpose":[60],"signal":[61,89],"control":[63],"levers.":[64],"When":[65,108],"fine-tuning":[66],"weaker":[68],"external":[69],"monitor":[70,92,115],"with":[71,144,181],"Reinforcement":[72],"Learning":[73],"oversight,":[76],"compressed":[78],"view":[79],"of":[80,98,132,137,147],"only":[81],"information":[82],"surfaced":[83],"by":[84,110,193],"sufficient":[88],"the":[91,130,145,154,196],"prune":[94],"up":[95],"50%":[97],"otherwise":[99,142],"wasted":[100],"tokens":[102],"complex":[104],"math":[105],"problem":[106],"solving.":[107],"leveraged":[109],"an":[111,117,148],"almost":[112],"optimal":[113],"rule-based":[114],"environment":[118],"where":[119],"excessive":[120],"constraint":[121],"violations":[122],"results":[123],"failure,":[125],"allows":[128],"recovery":[131],"safe":[133],"actions":[134],"from":[135,157],"80%":[136],"traces":[139],"would":[141],"end":[143],"proposal":[146],"unsafe":[149],"action,":[150],"than":[152],"doubling":[153],"success":[155],"rate":[156],"46%":[158],"96%.":[160],"Through":[161],"evaluation":[162],"across":[163],"two":[164],"families":[166],"three":[168],"domains,":[169],"show":[171],"improves":[176],"monitorability":[178],"controllability":[180],"no":[182],"cost":[183],"performance.":[185],"More":[186],"broadly,":[187],"our":[188],"work":[189],"progresses":[190],"scalable":[191],"demonstrating":[194],"how":[195],"monitored":[197],"itself":[199],"can":[200],"be":[201],"reason":[204],"tractably":[206],"oversight.":[208],"Code:":[209],"https://github.com/christopherzc/behavior-cues":[210]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-12T00:00:00"}