{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160647467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890","title":"RepFlow: Representation Enhanced Flow Matching for Causal Effect Estimation","display_name":"RepFlow: Representation Enhanced Flow Matching for Causal Effect Estimation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160647467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135640832","display_name":"Yifei Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xie, Yifei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135652596","display_name":"Jian Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Jian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.8245000243186951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.8245000243186951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11303","display_name":"Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference","score":0.0723000019788742,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.01679999940097332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"Causal inference","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5742999911308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.5116999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.4675999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.4456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-probability-distribution","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.35690000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-probability-distribution","display_name":"Conditional probability distribution","score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.3515999913215637}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5742999911308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5322999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5116999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.49380001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.4675999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.4456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18653775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1333358","display_name":"Joint probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.35690000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3522000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43555835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2300258","display_name":"Conditional probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.35190001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71889745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783264","display_name":"Counterfactual conditional","level":3,"score":0.349700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41426520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1192065","display_name":"Point estimation","level":2,"score":0.33410000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122770356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1656753","display_name":"Identifiability","level":2,"score":0.33410000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55660270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164377","display_name":"Constrained optimization","level":2,"score":0.326200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93959086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888345","display_name":"Model selection","level":2,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79772020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159264","display_name":"Conditional independence","level":2,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182081679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1275153","display_name":"Expectation\u2013maximization algorithm","level":3,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149441793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200726","display_name":"Probability distribution","level":2,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51167844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422623","display_name":"Latent variable","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40423286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284172","display_name":"Selection bias","level":2,"score":0.2558000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177769412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278090","display_name":"Prior probability","level":3,"score":0.2526000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.05890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6484290957450867}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Estimating":[0],"causal":[1,23,60,141],"effects":[2],"from":[3,26],"observational":[4],"data":[5],"has":[6],"become":[7],"increasingly":[8],"critical":[9],"in":[10,22,136],"diverse":[11],"fields":[12],"including":[13],"healthcare,":[14],"economics,":[15],"and":[16,30,42,89,139],"social":[17],"policy.":[18],"The":[19],"fundamental":[20],"challenge":[21],"inference":[24],"arises":[25],"the":[27,31,44,82,110,116],"missing":[28],"counterfactuals":[29],"selection":[32,78],"bias.":[33],"Existing":[34],"methods":[35,135],"are":[36],"largely":[37],"limited":[38],"to":[39,113],"point":[40,138],"estimates":[41],"lack":[43],"capacity":[45],"for":[46],"distribution":[47,117],"modeling.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50],"work,":[51],"we":[52,96],"propose":[53],"RepFlow,":[54],"a":[55,64,124],"novel":[56],"framework":[57],"that":[58,130],"formulates":[59],"effect":[61,142],"estimation":[62],"as":[63],"joint":[65],"optimization":[66],"problem":[67],"integrating":[68],"representation":[69,108],"learning":[70],"with":[71],"Conditional":[72],"Flow":[73],"Matching":[74],"(CFM).":[75],"RepFlow":[76,131],"mitigates":[77],"bias":[79],"by":[80],"minimizing":[81],"entropically":[83],"regularized":[84],"Wasserstein":[85],"distance":[86],"between":[87],"treated":[88],"control":[90],"representations.":[91,105],"To":[92],"enhance":[93],"numerical":[94],"stability,":[95],"further":[97],"introduce":[98],"an":[99],"$L_2$":[100],"normalization":[101],"constraint":[102],"on":[103],"latent":[104],"This":[106],"balanced":[107],"enables":[109],"flow":[111],"model":[112],"accurately":[114],"capture":[115],"of":[118,127],"potential":[119],"outcomes.":[120],"Extensive":[121],"experiments":[122],"across":[123],"wide":[125],"range":[126],"benchmarks":[128],"demonstrate":[129],"consistently":[132],"outperforms":[133],"existing":[134],"both":[137],"distributional":[140],"estimation.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-09T00:00:00"}