{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160273867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150","title":"H3: A Healthcare Three-Hop Index for Physician Referral Network Prediction","display_name":"H3: A Healthcare Three-Hop Index for Physician Referral Network Prediction","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160273867","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093789773","display_name":"Zhexi Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gu, Zhexi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135374076","display_name":"Jiaxin Ying","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying, Jiaxin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024825507","display_name":"Xu\u2010Wen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7670-3544"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Xu-Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049185926","display_name":"C. Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5991-8572"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Can","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12918","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Technology","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12918","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Technology","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12246","display_name":"Chronic Disease Management Strategies","score":0.005900000222027302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/referral","display_name":"Referral","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.7664999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5584999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5432000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/redundancy","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","score":0.48660001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normalization","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","score":0.3531999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/healthcare-system","display_name":"Healthcare system","score":0.2994999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242559","display_name":"Referral","level":2,"score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.7664999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5584999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5432000160217285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49709999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.48660001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.45489999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3905999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.3531999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.2994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191015642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132459","display_name":"Fragmentation (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992931291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5242559","display_name":"Patient referral","level":3,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146834321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2979672","display_name":"Closure (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.27900001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.02150","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"prediction":[1,93],"of":[2,37,100],"physician":[3,38],"referral":[4,39,64,102,117,154],"links":[5,103],"is":[6],"essential":[7],"for":[8,153],"optimizing":[9],"care":[10],"coordination":[11],"and":[12,46,72,107,128,150],"reducing":[13],"fragmentation":[14],"in":[15],"healthcare":[16,54],"delivery.":[17],"However,":[18],"existing":[19],"computational":[20],"methods,":[21],"ranging":[22],"from":[23],"triadic":[24],"closure":[25],"heuristics":[26,127],"to":[27,32,76,113,143],"graph":[28],"neural":[29,134],"networks,":[30,40],"fail":[31],"capture":[33],"the":[34],"intrinsic":[35],"properties":[36],"including":[41],"sparsity,":[42],"disassortative":[43],"degree":[44],"mixing,":[45],"hub-dominated":[47],"topology.":[48],"Here,":[49],"we":[50,87],"propose":[51],"H3,":[52],"a":[53,73,148],"three-hop":[55],"index":[56],"that":[57],"addresses":[58],"these":[59],"limitations":[60],"by":[61],"modeling":[62],"indirect":[63],"pathways":[65],"through":[66],"intermediate":[67],"physicians,":[68,146],"with":[69],"degree-based":[70],"normalization":[71],"redundancy":[74],"penalty":[75],"mitigate":[77],"hub-mediated":[78],"noise.":[79],"Using":[80],"Medicare":[81],"Physician":[82],"Shared":[83],"Patient":[84],"Patterns":[85],"data,":[86],"evaluate":[88],"H3":[89,123,137],"under":[90,104],"two":[91],"complementary":[92],"regimes:":[94],"within-period":[95],"prediction,":[96,109],"which":[97,110],"assesses":[98],"recovery":[99],"contemporaneous":[101],"sparse":[105],"conditions,":[106],"cross-period":[108],"tests":[111],"robustness":[112],"temporal":[114],"shift":[115],"as":[116],"windows":[118],"expand.":[119],"Across":[120],"both":[121],"regimes,":[122],"consistently":[124],"outperforms":[125],"classical":[126],"deep":[129],"learning-based":[130],"baselines.":[131],"Unlike":[132],"black-box":[133],"network":[135,155],"approaches,":[136],"produces":[138],"fully":[139],"decomposable":[140],"predictions":[141],"traceable":[142],"specific":[144],"intermediary":[145],"offering":[147],"transparent":[149],"deployable":[151],"solution":[152],"completion.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-06T00:00:00"}
