{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160254147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546","title":"6G Needs Agents: Toward Agentic AI-Native Networks for Autonomous Intelligence","display_name":"6G Needs Agents: Toward Agentic AI-Native Networks for Autonomous Intelligence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160254147","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135392008","display_name":"Mohamed Amine Ferrag","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferrag, Mohamed Amine","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135315758","display_name":"Abderrahmane Lakas","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lakas, Abderrahmane","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135310953","display_name":"Merouane Debbah","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debbah, Merouane","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.24240000545978546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.24240000545978546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.18610000610351562,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.17440000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5078999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agile-software-development","display_name":"Agile software development","score":0.3391000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.3125999867916107}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.739799976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5078999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4332999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14185376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30232","display_name":"Agile software development","level":2,"score":0.3391000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.3125999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.30140000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199168358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3367000","display_name":"Orchestration","level":3,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114073186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631895","display_name":"Automated planning and scheduling","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192327766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1038799","display_name":"Cognitive robotics","level":3,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201638289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q457396","display_name":"Ambient intelligence","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2605.01546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6292134523391724}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sixth-generation":[0],"(6G)":[1],"networks":[2],"are":[3,214],"increasingly":[4],"envisioned":[5],"as":[6,53,190],"AI-native":[7],"infrastructures":[8],"integrating":[9],"communication,":[10],"sensing,":[11],"and":[12,82,86,94,106,109,133,145,197,205,211],"computing":[13],"into":[14],"a":[15,38,59,70,87,102,116,127,191],"unified":[16],"fabric.":[17],"However,":[18],"existing":[19],"approaches":[20],"remain":[21],"largely":[22],"optimization-centric,":[23],"relying":[24],"on":[25],"closed-loop":[26],"control":[27,61],"with":[28],"limited":[29],"reasoning":[30,56,105,131],"capability.":[31],"In":[32],"this":[33],"paper,":[34],"we":[35,100],"argue":[36],"for":[37,177,195],"paradigm":[39],"shift":[40],"toward":[41],"Agentic":[42],"AI-Native":[43],"6G,":[44],"in":[45,201],"which":[46],"Large":[47],"Language":[48],"Model":[49],"(LLM)-based":[50],"agents":[51,153],"operate":[52],"bounded,":[54],"policy-governed":[55],"entities":[57],"within":[58],"semantic":[60,78],"plane":[62],"layered":[63],"above":[64],"deterministic":[65,75],"3GPP":[66],"infrastructure.":[67],"We":[68,164],"propose":[69],"four-layer":[71],"architecture":[72],"that":[73,137,167],"integrates":[74],"network":[76],"infrastructure,":[77],"abstraction":[79],"of":[80,151],"intent":[81],"context,":[83],"hierarchical":[84],"reasoning,":[85],"distributed":[88],"multi-agent":[89],"fabric":[90],"spanning":[91],"device,":[92],"edge,":[93],"core":[95],"domains.":[96],"To":[97],"assess":[98],"feasibility,":[99],"develop":[101],"proof-of-concept":[103],"agentic":[104,188],"orchestration":[107],"framework":[108],"conduct":[110],"an":[111],"extensive":[112],"empirical":[113],"study":[114],"using":[115],"domain-specific":[117],"6G":[118,196],"benchmark":[119],"under":[120],"realistic":[121],"deployment":[122,150],"constraints.":[123,163],"Our":[124],"results":[125,210],"reveal":[126],"fundamental":[128],"tradeoff":[129],"between":[130],"capability":[132],"system":[134],"efficiency,":[135],"showing":[136],"no":[138],"single":[139],"model":[140],"simultaneously":[141],"satisfies":[142],"latency,":[143],"throughput,":[144],"accuracy":[146],"requirements.":[147],"Instead,":[148],"heterogeneous":[149],"LLM":[152],"across":[154,172],"the":[155,175],"device--edge--core":[156],"continuum":[157],"is":[158],"necessary":[159],"to":[160,217],"balance":[161],"these":[162],"further":[165],"demonstrate":[166],"quantization":[168],"introduces":[169],"non-uniform":[170],"effects":[171],"models,":[173],"reinforcing":[174],"need":[176],"system-level":[178],"optimization":[179],"rather":[180],"than":[181],"model-level":[182],"compression":[183],"alone.":[184],"These":[185],"findings":[186],"establish":[187],"intelligence":[189],"viable":[192],"architectural":[193],"direction":[194],"highlight":[198],"key":[199],"challenges":[200],"achieving":[202],"scalable,":[203],"trustworthy,":[204],"self-reasoning":[206],"networks.":[207],"All":[208],"experimental":[209],"evaluation":[212],"scripts":[213],"publicly":[215],"available":[216],"support":[218],"reproducibility.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-05-06T00:00:00"}
