{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7159638514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231","title":"Upskilling with Generative AI: Practices and Challenges for Freelance Knowledge Workers","display_name":"Upskilling with Generative AI: Practices and Challenges for Freelance Knowledge Workers","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7159638514","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5096831436","display_name":"Kashif Imteyaz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imteyaz, Kashif","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134989321","display_name":"Isabel Lopez","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lopez, Isabel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134970220","display_name":"Nakul Rajpal","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajpal, Nakul","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123194819","display_name":"Hunjun Shin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shin, Hunjun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085864488","display_name":"Saiph Savage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9020-8929"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Savage, Saiph","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.7172999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.7172999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.07370000332593918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.03370000049471855,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.8162999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.5619000196456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploratory-research","display_name":"Exploratory research","score":0.3865000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-learning","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","score":0.3449000120162964}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.8162999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.5619000196456909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.43959999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.3865000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77967617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677561","display_name":"Active learning (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.3449000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169735623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430172","display_name":"Organizational learning","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2987000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58546491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1150207","display_name":"Competitive advantage","level":2,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778071103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15404623","display_name":"Precarity","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189781021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1328304","display_name":"Learning organization","level":2,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.26409998536109924}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.27231","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.46536654233932495,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Freelance":[0],"workers":[1,193],"must":[2],"continually":[3],"acquire":[4,194],"new":[5,40],"skills":[6,195,209],"to":[7,24,46,67,129,148,165,204],"remain":[8],"competitive":[9,211],"in":[10,53,84,103,191,210],"online":[11],"labor":[12],"markets,":[13],"yet":[14],"they":[15,71],"lack":[16,150,201],"the":[17,69],"organizational":[18],"training,":[19],"mentorship,":[20],"and":[21,73,82,95,132,154],"infrastructure":[22],"available":[23],"traditional":[25],"employees.":[26],"Generative":[27],"AI-powered":[28,54,224],"tools":[29,66,114,199,226],"like":[30],"ChatGPT":[31],"are":[32],"reshaping":[33],"market":[34,175],"skill":[35,135],"demands":[36],"while":[37],"also":[38,182],"offering":[39],"forms":[41],"of":[42,151],"on-demand":[43],"learning":[44,55,78,105,117,131,145,162,166,225],"support":[45,133],"meet":[47],"those":[48],"demands.":[49],"Despite":[50],"growing":[51],"interest":[52],"tools,":[56],"little":[57],"is":[58,171],"known":[59],"about":[60],"how":[61,74,109],"freelancers":[62,110,123],"actually":[63],"use":[64],"these":[65,208,216],"learn,":[68],"challenges":[70],"encounter,":[72],"generative":[75,112,127,197,223],"AI":[76,113,128,198],"for":[77,222,227],"interacts":[79],"with":[80,98],"precarity":[81],"competition":[83],"platform-based":[85],"work.":[86],"We":[87,157,181],"present":[88],"a":[89,93,159,184],"mixed-methods":[90],"study":[91],"combining":[92],"survey":[94],"semi-structured":[96],"interviews":[97],"freelance":[99,212],"knowledge":[100],"workers.":[101],"Grounded":[102],"self-directed":[104],"theory,":[106],"we":[107,187,218],"examine":[108],"integrate":[111],"into":[115],"their":[116,143],"practices.":[118],"Our":[119],"findings":[120],"show":[121],"that":[122],"increasingly":[124],"rely":[125],"on":[126,215],"structure":[130],"exploratory":[134],"acquisition,":[136],"but":[137,200],"do":[138],"not":[139],"treat":[140],"it":[141],"as":[142,163,167],"primary":[144],"resource":[146],"due":[147],"inconsistency,":[149],"contextual":[152],"relevance,":[153],"verification":[155],"overhead.":[156],"identify":[158],"shift":[160],"from":[161],"growth":[164],"survival,":[168],"where":[169],"upskilling":[170],"oriented":[172],"toward":[173],"immediate":[174],"viability":[176],"rather":[177],"than":[178],"long-term":[179],"development.":[180],"surface":[183],"structural":[185],"challenge":[186],"term":[188],"invisible":[189],"competencies,":[190],"which":[192],"through":[196],"credible":[202],"ways":[203],"signal":[205],"or":[206],"validate":[207],"markets.":[213],"Based":[214],"insights,":[217],"offer":[219],"design":[220],"recommendations":[221],"freelancers.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-05-02T00:00:00"}
