{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7158270232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224","title":"ValueBlindBench: Agreement-Gated Stress Testing of LLM-Judged Investment Rationales Before Returns Are Observable","display_name":"ValueBlindBench: Agreement-Gated Stress Testing of LLM-Judged Investment Rationales Before Returns Are Observable","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7158270232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134868122","display_name":"Sidi Chang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang, Sidi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134823734","display_name":"Peiying Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu, Peiying","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134836965","display_name":"Yuxiao Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Yuxiao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.17180000245571136,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.17180000245571136,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11326","display_name":"Stock Market Forecasting Methods","score":0.09260000288486481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10047","display_name":"Financial Markets and Investment Strategies","score":0.055799998342990875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rubric","display_name":"Rubric","score":0.6801999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment","display_name":"Investment (military)","score":0.613099992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.4390999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.4332999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aggregate","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.36309999227523804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111640148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847349","display_name":"Rubric","level":2,"score":0.6801999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.613099992275238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5719000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.4392000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4390999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.4332999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4679612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q866298","display_name":"Aggregate (composite)","level":2,"score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.3910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.36309999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109168655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242988","display_name":"Liberian dollar","level":2,"score":0.36010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7515471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1936882","display_name":"Stress testing (software)","level":2,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.3490999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127729010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60165","display_name":"Dynamic inconsistency","level":2,"score":0.3190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.3019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97399411","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q825367","display_name":"Coin flipping","level":2,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778865806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6060850","display_name":"Investment decisions","level":3,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.2818000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103144560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670999","display_name":"Investment strategy","level":3,"score":0.28130000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778024590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2357432","display_name":"Cheating","level":2,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779777834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4202277","display_name":"Enforcement","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.25224","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"LLM-based":[0],"financial":[1,71,169],"agents":[2],"increasingly":[3],"produce":[4],"investment":[5,29,193],"rationales":[6,151],"before":[7],"the":[8,25,116,138],"outcomes":[9],"needed":[10],"to":[11,40,159,190,220],"evaluate":[12],"them":[13],"are":[14,37,88,147,175],"observable.":[15],"This":[16,73],"creates":[17],"a":[18,50,77,94,132,153,184,188,197,207],"delayed-ground-truth":[19],"evaluation":[20,55],"problem:":[21],"realized":[22],"returns":[23],"remain":[24],"eventual":[26],"arbiter":[27],"of":[28,56],"quality,":[30],"but":[31,59,124],"they":[32],"arrive":[33],"too":[34,38],"late":[35],"and":[36,44,104,149,186,217],"noisy":[39],"guide":[41],"many":[42],"model-development":[43],"governance":[45],"decisions.":[46],"LLM":[47],"judges":[48,61],"offer":[49],"tempting":[51],"shortcut":[52],"for":[53,82,201],"pre-deployment":[54],"AI-finance":[57,202],"systems,":[58],"unvalidated":[60],"may":[62],"reward":[63],"verbosity,":[64],"confidence,":[65],"or":[66,91],"rubric":[67,135],"mimicry":[68],"rather":[69],"than":[70],"judgment.":[72],"paper":[74],"introduces":[75],"ValueBlindBench,":[76],"preregistered":[78,106],"agreement-gated":[79],"stress-test":[80],"protocol":[81],"deciding":[83],"when":[84],"LLM-judged":[85],"investment-rationale":[86,210],"claims":[87],"publishable,":[89],"qualified,":[90],"invalid.":[92],"In":[93],"controlled":[95],"market-state":[96],"capital-allocation":[97],"prototype":[98],"with":[99],"1,000":[100],"honest":[101,160],"decision":[102],"cycles":[103],"100":[105],"adversarial":[107],"controls":[108],"(1,100":[109],"trajectories,":[110],"5,500":[111],"judge":[112],"calls),":[113],"ValueBlindBench":[114,195],"clears":[115],"aggregate":[117],"agreement":[118],"gate":[119,140],"at":[120,223],"\\(\\bar\u03ba_w":[121,142],"=":[122,143],"0.7168\\)":[123],"prevents":[125],"several":[126],"overclaims.":[127],"Lower-rank":[128],"systems":[129],"collapse":[130],"into":[131],"tie-class,":[133],"one":[134],"dimension":[136],"fails":[137],"per-dimension":[139],"(\\texttt{constraint\\_awareness},":[141],"0.2022\\)),":[144],"single-judge":[145],"rankings":[146],"family-dependent,":[148],"terse-correct":[150],"receive":[152],"\\(\u0394=":[154],"-2.81\\)":[155],"rubric-point":[156],"penalty":[157],"relative":[158],"rationales.":[161],"A":[162],"targeted":[163],"anchor-specificity":[164],"probe":[165],"further":[166],"shows":[167],"that":[168],"constructs":[170],"such":[171],"as":[172],"constraint":[173],"awareness":[174],"operationally":[176],"load-bearing.":[177],"The":[178],"scientific":[179],"object":[180],"is":[181,196,212],"therefore":[182],"not":[183,187],"leaderboard":[185],"claim":[189,211],"measure":[191],"true":[192],"skill.":[194],"pre-calibration":[198],"metrology":[199],"layer":[200],"evaluation:":[203],"it":[204],"governs":[205],"whether":[206],"proposed":[208],"LLM-judge-based":[209],"stable":[213],"enough,":[214,216],"agreed":[215],"uncontaminated":[218],"enough":[219],"be":[221],"reported":[222],"all.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-04-30T00:00:00"}
