{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7158180544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977","title":"A Survey on LLM-based Conversational User Simulation","display_name":"A Survey on LLM-based Conversational User Simulation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7158180544","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134875042","display_name":"Bo Ni","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ni, Bo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134843085","display_name":"Leyao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Leyao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134867648","display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134869685","display_name":"Branislav Kveton","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kveton, Branislav","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028863551","display_name":"Franck Dernoncourt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1119-1346"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dernoncourt, Franck","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134853735","display_name":"Yu Xia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xia, Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134853270","display_name":"Hongjie Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Hongjie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120049039","display_name":"Reuben Leura","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leura, Reuben","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134851039","display_name":"Samyadeep Basu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basu, Samyadeep","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134833609","display_name":"Subhojyoti Mukherjee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mukherjee, Subhojyoti","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134851107","display_name":"Puneet Mathur","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathur, Puneet","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125655774","display_name":"Nesreen Ahmed","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed, Nesreen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134828379","display_name":"Junda Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Junda","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134835166","display_name":"Li Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Li","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134835156","display_name":"Huixin Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Huixin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134829462","display_name":"Ruiyi Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Ruiyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134843541","display_name":"Tong Yu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu, Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134865789","display_name":"Sungchul Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim, Sungchul","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134870160","display_name":"Jiuxiang Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gu, Jiuxiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134857796","display_name":"Zhengzhong Tu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tu, Zhengzhong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106152337","display_name":"Alexa Siu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siu, Alexa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134843406","display_name":"Zichao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Zichao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114153409","display_name":"David Seunghyun Yoon","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoon, David Seunghyun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016933602","display_name":"Nedim Lipka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3779-7784"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lipka, Nedim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072397278","display_name":"Namyong Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3344-2361"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Park, Namyong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134875463","display_name":"Zihao Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin, Zihao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134856431","display_name":"Trung Bui","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bui, Trung","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134852457","display_name":"Yue Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao, Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134823680","display_name":"Tyler Derr","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Derr, Tyler","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134856804","display_name":"Ryan A. Rossi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rossi, Ryan A.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":30,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5134875042"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.22849999368190765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.22849999368190765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.19089999794960022,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.08659999817609787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-modeling","display_name":"User modeling","score":0.5192000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4945000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-story","display_name":"User story","score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-experience-design","display_name":"User experience design","score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-research","display_name":"User Research","score":0.30880001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.30480000376701355}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5468999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67712803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901853","display_name":"User modeling","level":3,"score":0.5192000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4945000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11189718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218152","display_name":"User story","level":4,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.31529998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17118423","display_name":"User Research","level":3,"score":0.30880001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.30480000376701355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.30169999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993776861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Open domain","level":3,"score":0.2985999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.2915000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177774035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1246948","display_name":"Granularity","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.24977","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6869808435440063}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"User":[0],"simulation":[1,92,118],"has":[2,42],"long":[3],"played":[4],"a":[5,17,44,85,134],"vital":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8,51,60,78,115],"computer":[9],"science":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,15,105,120],"its":[13],"potential":[14],"support":[16],"wide":[18],"range":[19],"of":[20,27,33,47,67,111],"applications.":[21],"Language,":[22],"as":[23],"the":[24,31,107,112],"primary":[25],"medium":[26],"human":[28],"communication,":[29],"forms":[30],"foundation":[32],"social":[34],"interaction":[35],"and":[36,91,100,119,129],"behavior.":[37],"Consequently,":[38],"simulating":[39],"conversational":[40,80,116],"behavior":[41],"become":[43],"key":[45],"area":[46],"study.":[48],"Recent":[49],"advancements":[50,77,114],"large":[52],"language":[53],"models":[54],"(LLMs)":[55],"have":[56],"significantly":[57],"catalyzed":[58],"progress":[59],"this":[61,72],"domain":[62],"by":[63,125],"enabling":[64],"high-fidelity":[65],"generation":[66],"synthetic":[68],"user":[69,81,89,117],"conversation.":[70],"In":[71],"paper,":[73],"we":[74,95],"survey":[75],"recent":[76],"LLM-based":[79],"simulation.":[82],"We":[83,103],"introduce":[84],"novel":[86],"taxonomy":[87],"covering":[88],"granularity":[90],"objectives.":[93],"Additionally,":[94],"systematically":[96],"analyze":[97],"core":[98],"techniques":[99],"evaluation":[101],"methodologies.":[102],"aim":[104],"keep":[106],"research":[108,124],"community":[109],"informed":[110],"latest":[113],"further":[121],"facilitate":[122],"future":[123],"identifying":[126],"open":[127],"challenges":[128],"organizing":[130],"existing":[131],"work":[132],"under":[133],"unified":[135],"framework.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-30T06:11:10.768123","created_date":"2026-04-30T00:00:00"}
