{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7156987099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257","title":"Knowledge Lever Risk Management for Software Engineering: A Stochastic Framework for Mitigating Knowledge Loss","display_name":"Knowledge Lever Risk Management for Software Engineering: A Stochastic Framework for Mitigating Knowledge Loss","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7156987099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134810089","display_name":"Mark Chua","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chua, Mark","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134782253","display_name":"Samuel Ajila","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ajila, Samuel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.5220999717712402,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10430","display_name":"Software Engineering Techniques and Practices","score":0.5220999717712402,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.07249999791383743,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.025599999353289604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lever","display_name":"Lever","score":0.805899977684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tacit-knowledge","display_name":"Tacit knowledge","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.5795000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-management","display_name":"Risk management","score":0.4555000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-value-chain","display_name":"Knowledge value chain","score":0.38989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intuition","display_name":"Intuition","score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-transfer","display_name":"Knowledge transfer","score":0.3495999872684479}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107524782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40164","display_name":"Lever","level":2,"score":0.805899977684021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779561248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743861","display_name":"Tacit knowledge","level":2,"score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.5795000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.5734999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5382999777793884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5103999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.4555000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191628500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423404","display_name":"Knowledge value chain","level":3,"score":0.38989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.37560001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132010649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189222","display_name":"Intuition","level":2,"score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.35679998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776960227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2586354","display_name":"Knowledge transfer","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84685590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540472","display_name":"Knowledge engineering","level":2,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15952604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179012","display_name":"Project management","level":2,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.3028999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56814567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1323686","display_name":"Explicit knowledge","level":2,"score":0.29910001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37752577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q642369","display_name":"Project risk management","level":4,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126383566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4787220","display_name":"Architecture tradeoff analysis method","level":5,"score":0.273499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776604539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423395","display_name":"Knowledge sharing","level":2,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776543023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2147046","display_name":"Rework","level":2,"score":0.27079999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169735623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430172","display_name":"Organizational learning","level":2,"score":0.26919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120567893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1582085","display_name":"Knowledge extraction","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40919944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947779","display_name":"Software project management","level":5,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23257","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"engineering":[1],"(SE)":[2],"organizations":[3],"operate":[4],"in":[5],"a":[6,115,126],"knowledge-intensive":[7],"domain":[8],"where":[9],"critical":[10],"assets":[11,101],"--":[12,20],"architectural":[13,155],"expertise,":[14],"design":[15],"rationale,":[16],"and":[17,24,42,53,76,123,159,177,204],"system":[18],"intuition":[19],"are":[21,95],"overwhelmingly":[22],"tacit":[23],"volatile.":[25],"The":[26,67,92],"departure":[27],"of":[28,34,69,134,145],"key":[29],"contributors":[30],"or":[31],"the":[32,57,78,88,132,143,193],"decay":[33],"undocumented":[35],"decisions":[36],"can":[37],"severely":[38],"impair":[39],"project":[40,63,138,194],"velocity":[41],"software":[43,89],"quality.":[44],"While":[45],"conventional":[46],"SE":[47],"risk":[48,106],"management":[49,195],"optimized":[50],"for":[51,87,105],"schedule":[52],"budget":[54],"is":[55,73],"common,":[56],"intangible":[58,99],"knowledge":[59,100,139,173,180,187],"risks":[60],"that":[61,167,186],"determine":[62],"success":[64],"remain":[65],"under-represented.":[66],"goal":[68],"this":[70],"research":[71,184],"work":[72],"to":[74,130],"propose":[75],"evaluate":[77],"Knowledge":[79],"Lever":[80],"Risk":[81],"Management":[82],"(KLRM)":[83],"Framework,":[84],"designed":[85],"specifically":[86],"development":[90],"lifecycle.":[91],"primary":[93],"objectives":[94],"to:":[96],"(1)":[97],"recast":[98],"as":[102,152],"active":[103],"mechanisms":[104],"mitigation":[107],"(Knowledge":[108],"Levers);":[109],"(2)":[110],"integrate":[111],"these":[112,146],"levers":[113,147],"into":[114],"structured":[116],"four-phase":[117],"architecture":[118],"(Audit,":[119],"Alignment,":[120],"Activation,":[121],"Assurance);":[122],"(3)":[124],"provide":[125],"formal":[127],"stochastic":[128],"model":[129],"quantify":[131],"impact":[133],"lever":[135,169,188],"activation":[136,170,189],"on":[137],"capital.":[140],"We":[141],"detail":[142],"application":[144],"through":[148],"software-specific":[149],"practices":[150],"such":[151],"pair":[153],"programming,":[154],"decision":[156],"records":[157],"(ADRs),":[158],"LLM-assisted":[160],"development.":[161],"Stochastic":[162],"Monte":[163],"Carlo":[164],"simulations":[165],"demonstrate":[166],"full":[168],"increases":[171],"expected":[172],"capital":[174],"by":[175,201],"63.8\\%":[176],"virtually":[178],"eliminates":[179],"crisis":[181],"probability.":[182],"Our":[183],"shows":[185],"improves":[190],"alignment":[191],"across":[192],"iron":[196],"triangle":[197],"(scope,":[198],"time,":[199],"cost)":[200],"reducing":[202],"rework":[203],"rediscovery":[205],"costs.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-04-29T00:00:00"}
