{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7156582938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027","title":"A Systematic Approach for Large Language Models Debugging","display_name":"A Systematic Approach for Large Language Models Debugging","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7156582938","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019254317","display_name":"Basel Shbita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3154-3501"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shbita, Basel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045091443","display_name":"Anna Lisa Gentile","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6401-4175"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gentile, Anna Lisa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134812184","display_name":"Bing Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Bing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071487399","display_name":"Sungeun An","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5643-9360"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"An, Sungeun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031485134","display_name":"Shailja Thakur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9590-5061"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thakur, Shailja","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065749078","display_name":"Shubhi Asthana","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asthana, Shubhi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134818240","display_name":"Yi Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9646-6057"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhou, Yi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108928258","display_name":"Saptha Surendran","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surendran, Saptha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134806301","display_name":"Farhan Ahmed","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed, Farhan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005383278","display_name":"Rohan Kulkarni","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kulkarni, Rohan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134769717","display_name":"Yuya Jeremy Ong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ong, Yuya Jeremy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051321506","display_name":"Chad DeLuca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7690-7454"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"DeLuca, Chad","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102917997","display_name":"Hima Patel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0031-8428"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patel, Hima","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.21230000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.21230000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.08940000087022781,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13910","display_name":"Computational and Text Analysis Methods","score":0.07760000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3300","display_name":"General Social Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.8910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/troubleshooting","display_name":"Troubleshooting","score":0.8116000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6028000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithmic-program-debugging","display_name":"Algorithmic program debugging","score":0.5884000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.532800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.4221000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.3368000090122223}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.8910999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147494362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2078905","display_name":"Troubleshooting","level":2,"score":0.8116000294685364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8109999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6028000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136388014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084976","display_name":"Algorithmic program debugging","level":3,"score":0.5884000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5443000197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.532800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.4221000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41350001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.3368000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.31450000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179603123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941921","display_name":"Modeling language","level":3,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.2590999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165825675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399743","display_name":"Model-based testing","level":4,"score":0.2556000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.25429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.23027","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1],"models":[2,24,58],"(LLMs)":[3],"have":[4],"become":[5],"central":[6],"to":[7,17,30,69,83],"modern":[8],"AI":[9],"workflows,":[10],"powering":[11],"applications":[12],"from":[13,66],"open-ended":[14],"text":[15],"generation":[16],"complex":[18],"agent-based":[19],"reasoning.":[20],"However,":[21],"debugging":[22,55],"these":[23],"remains":[25],"a":[26,50,117],"persistent":[27],"challenge":[28],"due":[29],"their":[31],"opaque":[32],"and":[33,36,45,76,90,93,108,129],"probabilistic":[34],"nature":[35],"the":[37,132],"difficulty":[38],"of":[39,134],"diagnosing":[40],"errors":[41],"across":[42],"diverse":[43],"tasks":[44],"settings.":[46],"This":[47],"paper":[48],"introduces":[49],"systematic":[51],"approach":[52,80],"for":[53,96],"LLM":[54],"that":[56,115],"treats":[57],"as":[59],"observable":[60],"systems,":[61],"providing":[62],"structured,":[63],"model-agnostic":[64],"methods":[65],"issue":[67],"detection":[68],"model":[70,86,91],"refinement.":[71],"By":[72],"unifying":[73],"evaluation,":[74],"interpretability,":[75],"error-analysis":[77],"practices,":[78],"our":[79],"enables":[81],"practitioners":[82],"iteratively":[84],"diagnose":[85],"weaknesses,":[87],"refine":[88],"prompts":[89],"parameters,":[92],"adapt":[94],"data":[95],"fine-tuning":[97],"or":[98],"assessment,":[99],"while":[100],"remaining":[101],"effective":[102],"in":[103,131],"contexts":[104],"where":[105],"standardized":[106],"benchmarks":[107],"evaluation":[109],"criteria":[110],"are":[111],"lacking.":[112],"We":[113],"argue":[114],"such":[116],"structured":[118],"methodology":[119],"not":[120],"only":[121],"accelerates":[122],"troubleshooting":[123],"but":[124],"also":[125],"fosters":[126],"reproducibility,":[127],"transparency,":[128],"scalability":[130],"deployment":[133],"LLM-based":[135],"systems.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-04-29T00:00:00"}
