{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155773991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046","title":"Call-Chain-Aware LLM-Based Test Generation for Java Projects","display_name":"Call-Chain-Aware LLM-Based Test Generation for Java Projects","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155773991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103073505","display_name":"Guancheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4338-8813"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Guancheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134700115","display_name":"Qinghua Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Qinghua","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102061637","display_name":"Lionel C. Briand","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Briand, Lionel C.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076345947","display_name":"Zhaoqiang Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8971-5755"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guo, Zhaoqiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134746106","display_name":"Kui Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Kui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103073505"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.7723000049591064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.7723000049591064,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.10000000149011612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.06260000169277191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit-testing","display_name":"Unit testing","score":0.5771999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.5701000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.5691999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependency","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","score":0.5644000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-lines-of-code","display_name":"Source lines of code","score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.46050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-case","display_name":"Test case","score":0.446399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.4260999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.41510000824928284}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.794700026512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.5813999772071838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148027188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q907375","display_name":"Unit testing","level":3,"score":0.5771999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.5701000094413757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.5691999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19768560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320727","display_name":"Dependency (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5644000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199519371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942695","display_name":"Source lines of code","level":3,"score":0.4830999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4740999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4677000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.46050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128942645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1568346","display_name":"Test case","level":3,"score":0.446399986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4260999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.41510000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145644426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169411","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","level":3,"score":0.38429999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.3806000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53942775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211721","display_name":"Code coverage","level":3,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187303228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q867330","display_name":"Cyclomatic complexity","level":3,"score":0.35370001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73752529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79872","display_name":"Object-oriented programming","level":2,"score":0.3411000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165825675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399743","display_name":"Model-based testing","level":4,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149091818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2429814","display_name":"Software system","level":3,"score":0.3287000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984328558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188522","display_name":"Software testing","level":3,"score":0.32820001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7435765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705776","display_name":"Test Management Approach","level":5,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80519477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532236","display_name":"Scenario testing","level":3,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4478048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950250","display_name":"Test-driven development","level":4,"score":0.3070000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3027999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.2971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108913964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2376856","display_name":"System under test","level":4,"score":0.29159998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2897999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777561058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2652119","display_name":"Program comprehension","level":4,"score":0.2687999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7166840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199682","display_name":"System testing","level":2,"score":0.2687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143587482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1543216","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","level":2,"score":0.257999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151552104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705809","display_name":"Test suite","level":4,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.22046","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5030952095985413}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1],"models":[2,82],"(LLMs)":[3],"have":[4],"recently":[5],"shown":[6],"strong":[7],"potential":[8],"for":[9,31],"generating":[10],"project-level":[11],"unit":[12],"tests.":[13],"However,":[14],"existing":[15],"state-of-the-art":[16,141],"approaches":[17],"primarily":[18],"rely":[19],"on":[20,102,109,149],"execution-path":[21],"information":[22],"to":[23],"guide":[24],"prompt":[25],"construction,":[26],"which":[27],"is":[28],"often":[29],"insufficient":[30],"complex":[32],"software":[33],"systems":[34],"with":[35],"rich":[36],"inter-class":[37],"dependencies,":[38,89],"deep":[39],"call":[40],"chains,":[41],"and":[42,64,87,90,108,131,136,162],"intricate":[43],"object":[44,85],"initialization":[45],"requirements.":[46],"In":[47],"this":[48],"paper,":[49],"we":[50],"present":[51],"CAT,":[52],"a":[53],"novel":[54],"call-chain-aware":[55],"LLM-based":[56],"test":[57,78,93],"generation":[58,96],"approach":[59,142],"that":[60],"explicitly":[61],"incorporates":[62],"call-chain":[63,161],"dependency":[65,163],"contexts":[66,164],"into":[67],"prompts":[68],"through":[69],"dedicated":[70],"static":[71],"analysis.":[72],"To":[73],"construct":[74],"executable,":[75],"semantically":[76],"valid":[77],"contexts,":[79],"CAT":[80,101,128],"systematically":[81],"caller--callee":[83],"relationships,":[84],"constructors,":[86],"third-party":[88],"supports":[91],"iterative":[92],"fixing":[94],"when":[95],"failures":[97],"occur.":[98],"We":[99],"evaluate":[100],"the":[103,116,140,158],"widely":[104],"used":[105],"Defects4J":[106],"benchmark":[107],"four":[110],"real-world":[111,151],"GitHub":[112],"projects":[113,125],"released":[114],"after":[115],"LLM's":[117],"cut-off":[118],"date.":[119],"The":[120],"results":[121],"show":[122],"that,":[123],"across":[124],"in":[126,165],"Defects4J,":[127],"improves":[129],"line":[130],"branch":[132],"coverage":[133],"by":[134],"18.04%":[135],"21.74%,":[137],"respectively,":[138],"over":[139],"PANTA,":[143],"while":[144],"consistently":[145],"achieving":[146],"superior":[147],"performance":[148],"post-cutoff":[150],"projects.":[152],"An":[153],"ablation":[154],"study":[155],"further":[156],"demonstrates":[157],"importance":[159],"of":[160],"CAT.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T06:12:00.211691","created_date":"2026-04-28T00:00:00"}