{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155510897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637","title":"Multilinguality at the Edge: Developing Language Models for the Global South","display_name":"Multilinguality at the Edge: Developing Language Models for the Global South","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155510897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133583162","display_name":"Lester James V. Miranda","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miranda, Lester James V.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134535060","display_name":"Songbo Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu, Songbo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134488690","display_name":"Roi Reichart","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reichart, Roi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134562990","display_name":"Anna Korhonen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Korhonen, Anna","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.7685999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13194","display_name":"ICT in Developing Communities","score":0.7685999870300293,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.6205000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.4603999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-south","display_name":"Global South","score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.3580000102519989}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.7059999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.6205000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.48919999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4603999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775876903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1203182","display_name":"Global South","level":2,"score":0.3856000006198883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.3580000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47602998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2588869","display_name":"Language barrier","level":2,"score":0.3431999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.3005000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5266672","display_name":"Development (topology)","level":2,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29350000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1813318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465887","display_name":"Language industry","level":4,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.2508000135421753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21637","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4448901414871216}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Where":[0],"and":[1,27,46,80,85,99,125,132,155],"how":[2],"language":[3,117,157],"models":[4],"(LMs)":[5],"are":[6,16,52],"deployed":[7],"determines":[8],"who":[9],"can":[10],"benefit":[11],"from":[12,120],"them.":[13],"However,":[14],"there":[15],"several":[17],"challenges":[18,101],"that":[19,111,146],"prevent":[20],"effective":[21],"deployment":[22],"of":[23,44,96,102,153],"LMs":[24],"in":[25,31,139],"non-English-speaking":[26],"hardware":[28],"constrained":[29],"communities":[30,72],"the":[32,39,42,50,55,75,94,97,100,104,116,140,151],"Global":[33],"South.":[34],"We":[35,127],"call":[36],"this":[37,113,147],"challenge":[38],"last":[40],"mile:":[41],"intersection":[43],"multilinguality":[45],"edge":[47,84],"deployment,":[48],"where":[49],"goals":[51],"aligned":[53],"but":[54],"technical":[56],"requirements":[57],"often":[58,73],"compete.":[59],"Studying":[60],"these":[61],"two":[62,105],"fields":[63],"together":[64],"is":[65],"both":[66],"a":[67],"need,":[68],"as":[69,83],"linguistically":[70],"diverse":[71],"face":[74],"most":[76],"severe":[77],"infrastructure":[78],"constraints,":[79],"an":[81],"opportunity,":[82],"multilingual":[86],"NLP":[87,141],"research":[88],"remain":[89],"largely":[90],"siloed.":[91],"To":[92],"understand":[93],"state":[95],"art":[98],"combining":[103],"areas,":[106],"we":[107,144],"survey":[108],"232":[109],"papers":[110],"tackle":[112],"problem":[114],"across":[115],"modelling":[118],"pipeline,":[119],"data":[121],"collection":[122],"to":[123,150],"development":[124,152],"deployment.":[126],"also":[128],"discuss":[129],"open":[130],"questions":[131],"provide":[133],"actionable":[134],"recommendations":[135],"for":[136],"different":[137],"stakeholders":[138],"ecosystem.":[142],"Finally,":[143],"hope":[145],"work":[148],"contributes":[149],"inclusive":[154],"equitable":[156],"technologies.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-04-25T00:00:00"}