{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155487364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334","title":"Ideological Bias in LLMs' Economic Causal Reasoning","display_name":"Ideological Bias in LLMs' Economic Causal Reasoning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155487364","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134467286","display_name":"Donggyu Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee, Donggyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134500166","display_name":"Hyeok Yun","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yun, Hyeok","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134520118","display_name":"Jungwon Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim, Jungwon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134497122","display_name":"Junsik Min","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min, Junsik","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134497998","display_name":"Sungwon Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Park, Sungwon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134540089","display_name":"Sangyoon Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Park, Sangyoon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134481223","display_name":"Jihee Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim, Jihee","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.4675999879837036,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10845","display_name":"Advanced Causal Inference Techniques","score":0.4675999879837036,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.1835000067949295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.04129999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideology","display_name":"Ideology","score":0.7709000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-model","display_name":"Causal model","score":0.5719000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-reasoning","display_name":"Causal reasoning","score":0.5604000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-inference","display_name":"Causal inference","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causality","display_name":"Causality (physics)","score":0.4828999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sign","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","score":0.46480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-analysis","display_name":"Causal analysis","score":0.4634999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-model","display_name":"Economic model","score":0.36169999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.7709000110626221},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118084267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26110","display_name":"Positive economics","level":1,"score":0.5733000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11671645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054567","display_name":"Causal model","level":2,"score":0.5719000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115086926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004651","display_name":"Causal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.5604000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158600405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054566","display_name":"Causal inference","level":2,"score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5110999941825867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4828999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139676723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193832","display_name":"Sign (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987525970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96374569","display_name":"Causal analysis","level":2,"score":0.4634999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119693030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2180497","display_name":"Economic model","level":2,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43711488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534783","display_name":"Skew","level":2,"score":0.3248000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83136003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054565","display_name":"Causal decision theory","level":5,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776325391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6917865","display_name":"Motivated reasoning","level":3,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992438725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7448199","display_name":"Self reliance","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79897977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5054568","display_name":"Causal chain","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107062074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109701697","display_name":"Prejudice (legal term)","level":2,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53691452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2473359","display_name":"Economic methodology","level":3,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21334","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Do":[0],"large":[1],"language":[2],"models":[3,140],"(LLMs)":[4],"exhibit":[5],"systematic":[6,42],"ideological":[7,180],"bias":[8],"when":[9,124,139],"reasoning":[10],"about":[11],"economic":[12,24,172,193],"causal":[13,29,63,67,100,128],"effects?":[14],"As":[15],"LLMs":[16,92,163],"are":[17,31,107,164],"increasingly":[18],"used":[19],"in":[20,178,191],"policy":[21,195],"analysis":[22],"and":[23,57,80,88,113,148,194],"reporting,":[25],"where":[26,54],"directionally":[27],"correct":[28],"judgments":[30],"essential,":[32],"this":[33,149],"question":[34],"has":[35],"direct":[36],"practical":[37],"stakes.":[38],"We":[39,102],"present":[40],"a":[41],"evaluation":[43,190],"by":[44,155],"extending":[45],"the":[46,125,183,186],"EconCausal":[47],"benchmark":[48],"with":[49,71,131,135],"ideology-contested":[50,86,105],"cases":[51],"-":[52],"instances":[53,87],"intervention-oriented":[55,132],"(pro-government)":[56],"market-oriented":[58,136],"(pro-market)":[59],"perspectives":[60],"predict":[61,97],"divergent":[62],"signs.":[64],"From":[65],"10,490":[66],"triplets":[68],"(treatment-outcome":[69],"pairs":[70],"empirically":[72,98,126],"verified":[73,127],"effect":[74],"directions)":[75],"derived":[76],"from":[77],"top-tier":[78],"economics":[79],"finance":[81],"journals,":[82],"we":[83],"identify":[84],"1,056":[85],"evaluate":[89],"20":[90,118],"state-of-the-art":[91],"on":[93,169],"their":[94,142],"ability":[95],"to":[96],"supported":[99],"directions.":[101],"find":[103],"that":[104,114,162],"items":[106],"consistently":[108],"harder":[109],"than":[110,134,182],"non-contested":[111],"ones,":[112],"across":[115],"18":[116],"of":[117],"models,":[119],"accuracy":[120],"is":[121,152],"systematically":[122,175],"higher":[123],"sign":[129],"aligns":[130],"expectations":[133],"ones.":[137],"Moreover,":[138],"err,":[141],"incorrect":[143],"predictions":[144],"disproportionately":[145],"lean":[146],"intervention-oriented,":[147],"directional":[150],"skew":[151],"not":[153,165],"eliminated":[154],"one-shot":[156],"in-context":[157],"prompting.":[158],"These":[159],"results":[160],"highlight":[161],"only":[166],"less":[167,176],"accurate":[168],"ideologically":[170],"contested":[171],"questions,":[173],"but":[174],"reliable":[177],"one":[179],"direction":[181],"other,":[184],"underscoring":[185],"need":[187],"for":[188],"direction-aware":[189],"high-stakes":[192],"settings.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-04-25T00:00:00"}