{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155534957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019","title":"Following the Eye-Tracking Evidence: Established Web-Search Assumptions Fail in Carousel Interfaces","display_name":"Following the Eye-Tracking Evidence: Established Web-Search Assumptions Fail in Carousel Interfaces","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155534957","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003483119","display_name":"Jingwei Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9283-4060"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang, Jingwei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134501227","display_name":"Maarten de Rijke","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"de Rijke, Maarten","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002072527","display_name":"Harrie Oosterhuis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0458-9233"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oosterhuis, Harrie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.33160001039505005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.33160001039505005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.26739999651908875,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.0697999969124794,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-examination","display_name":"Empirical examination","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5982999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4075999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.35409998893737793}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7508000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993069335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical examination","level":2,"score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5982999801635742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5637999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4075999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.35409998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.32440000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.3084000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780966255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5474306","display_name":"Foundation (evidence)","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.21019","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Carousel":[0],"interfaces":[1,89,184,221],"have":[2],"been":[3,18],"the":[4,53,56,136,149,163,193],"de-facto":[5],"standard":[6],"for":[7,11,64,104,109,219],"streaming":[8],"media":[9],"services":[10],"over":[12],"a":[13,75,119,196,211],"decade.":[14],"Yet,":[15],"there":[16],"has":[17,42],"very":[19],"little":[20],"research":[21],"into":[22],"user":[23,121,171,205],"behavior":[24,172,206],"with":[25,207],"such":[26,51],"interfaces,":[27,50,63],"which":[28,200],"thus":[29],"remains":[30],"poorly":[31],"understood.":[32],"Due":[33],"to":[34,61,90,127,148,185,201],"this":[35],"lack":[36],"of":[37,151,204,213],"empirical":[38],"research,":[39],"previous":[40,152],"work":[41,190],"assumed":[43],"that":[44,99,135,169,192],"behaviors":[45],"established":[46],"in":[47,143],"single-list":[48],"web-search":[49],"as":[52],"F-pattern":[54,101],"and":[55,78,107,146,159,216],"examination":[57,79,106,122,133,138,176],"hypothesis,":[58],"also":[59],"apply":[60],"carousel":[62,88,128,144,157,186,220],"instance":[65],"when":[66,116],"designing":[67],"click":[68,217],"models":[69,203,218],"or":[70],"evaluation":[71],"metrics.":[72],"We":[73,97],"analyze":[74],"recently-released":[76],"interaction":[77],"dataset":[80],"resulting":[81],"from":[82,181],"an":[83,124],"eye-tracking":[84],"study":[85],"performed":[86],"on":[87,118,132,162,199],"verify":[91],"whether":[92],"these":[93,208],"assumptions":[94,150],"actually":[95],"hold.":[96],"find":[98],"(i)~the":[100],"holds":[102],"only":[103],"vertical":[105],"not":[108,141,179],"horizontal":[110],"swiping;":[111],"additionally,":[112],"we":[113],"discover":[114],"that,":[115],"conditioned":[117,131],"click,":[120],"follows":[123],"L-pattern":[125],"unique":[126],"interfaces;":[129,145],"(ii)~click-through-rates":[130],"indicate":[134],"well-known":[137],"hypothesis":[139],"does":[140],"hold":[142],"(iii)~contrary":[147],"work,":[153],"users":[154],"generally":[155],"ignore":[156],"headings":[158],"focus":[160],"directly":[161],"content":[164],"items.":[165],"Our":[166,189],"findings":[167],"show":[168],"many":[170],"assumptions,":[173],"especially":[174],"concerning":[175],"patterns,":[177],"do":[178],"transfer":[180],"web":[182],"search":[183],"recommendation":[187],"settings.":[188],"shows":[191],"field":[194],"lacks":[195],"reliable":[197],"foundation":[198],"build":[202],"interfaces.":[209],"Consequently,":[210],"re-evaluation":[212],"existing":[214],"metrics":[215],"may":[222],"be":[223],"warranted.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-04-25T00:00:00"}