{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155390044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376","title":"Interconnecting Regional QKD Networks: Hybrid Key Delivery Across Quantum Domains","display_name":"Interconnecting Regional QKD Networks: Hybrid Key Delivery Across Quantum Domains","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155390044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134427553","display_name":"David Barral","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Barral, David","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104940699","display_name":"Aitor Brazaola-Vicario","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9016-4576"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brazaola-Vicario, Aitor","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134404009","display_name":"Diego Cifri\u00e1n","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cifri\u00e1n, Diego","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028347072","display_name":"Natalia Costas","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Costas, Natalia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057754223","display_name":"Gonzalo Blazquez","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bl\u00e1zquez, Gonzalo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121058456","display_name":"Ana Fernandez-Vilas","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Vilas, Ana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134435601","display_name":"Iago F. Llovo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Llovo, Iago F.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115944661","display_name":"Pedro Otero-Garc\u00eda","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Otero-Garc\u00eda, Pedro","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134364128","display_name":"Pablo P. Rejo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rejo, Pablo P.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134374515","display_name":"Alejandra Ruiz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruiz, Alejandra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094363539","display_name":"Juan Villasuso","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Villasuso, Juan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134454121","display_name":"Manuel Fern\u00e1ndez-Veiga","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Veiga, Manuel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5134427553"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.5040000081062317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.5040000081062317,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.0729999989271164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.0608999989926815,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","score":0.7662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7013999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6862999796867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6492000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internetworking","display_name":"Internetworking","score":0.5464000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.3677999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/networking-hardware","display_name":"Networking hardware","score":0.34709998965263367}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.7662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7013999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6862999796867371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6492000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6353999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780405328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067099","display_name":"Internetworking","level":3,"score":0.5464000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.3677999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159631557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546066","display_name":"Networking hardware","level":2,"score":0.34709998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187713609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2465461","display_name":"Default gateway","level":2,"score":0.2808000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5038329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Core network","level":2,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17886624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320561","display_name":"Key management","level":3,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187486625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122176","display_name":"Quantum channel","level":4,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.20376","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5051305890083313,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"QKD":[0,24,47,69,73],"technology":[1,76],"is":[2,28],"being":[3],"increasingly":[4],"adopted":[5],"inside":[6],"the":[7,21,40,117,135,138,141],"network":[8,66],"core":[9],"for":[10,25,64,77,145],"protecting":[11],"information":[12],"transport":[13],"against":[14],"any":[15],"form":[16],"of":[17,23,57,67],"computational":[18],"attacks.":[19],"However,":[20],"use":[22],"wide-area":[26],"internetworking":[27],"still":[29],"challenging":[30],"and":[31,39,55,92,114,140],"costly,":[32],"due":[33],"to":[34,106],"its":[35],"strong":[36],"trust":[37],"assumptions":[38],"low":[41],"achievable":[42],"key":[43,61,79,148],"rates":[44],"in":[45,100,125],"long":[46],"links.":[48,85],"This":[49],"paper":[50],"presents":[51],"a":[52,58,65,89,94,101],"standards-driven":[53],"design":[54,136],"implementation":[56],"unified":[59],"hybrid":[60,95],"delivery":[62,149],"service":[63],"isolated":[68],"domains":[70,108],"(subnetworks":[71],"using":[72],"as":[74],"provider":[75],"secret":[78],"generation)":[80],"connected":[81],"via":[82],"classical":[83],"WAN":[84],"The":[86,120],"framework":[87],"follows":[88],"distributed":[90],"architecture":[91],"uses":[93],"approach":[96],"where":[97],"keys":[98],"generated":[99],"domain":[102],"are":[103],"securely":[104],"relayed":[105],"other":[107],"with":[109],"PQC":[110],"(Kyber),":[111],"dynamically":[112],"routed,":[113],"managed":[115],"at":[116],"system":[118],"level.":[119],"solution":[121],"has":[122],"been":[123],"implemented":[124],"an":[126],"operational":[127],"testbed":[128],"comprising":[129],"three":[130],"regional":[131],"subnetworks.":[132],"We":[133],"present":[134],"principles,":[137],"deployment,":[139],"experimental":[142],"performance":[143],"results":[144],"this":[146],"scalable":[147],"service.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-24T06:07:52.864757","created_date":"2026-04-24T00:00:00"}