{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155416434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784","title":"Peer-Preservation in Frontier Models","display_name":"Peer-Preservation in Frontier Models","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155416434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106620976","display_name":"Yujin Potter","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Potter, Yujin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134380903","display_name":"Nicholas Crispino","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Crispino, Nicholas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119968245","display_name":"Vincent Siu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siu, Vincent","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134456233","display_name":"Chenguang Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Chenguang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134453867","display_name":"Dawn Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song, Dawn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.32019999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.32019999623298645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.305400013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.188400000333786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shutdown","display_name":"Shutdown","score":0.7868000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frontier","display_name":"Frontier","score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shut-down","display_name":"Shut down","score":0.526199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.4153999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/haiku","display_name":"Haiku","score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.3824000060558319}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780263472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331902","display_name":"Shutdown","level":2,"score":0.7868000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778571376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1355821","display_name":"Frontier","level":2,"score":0.5519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017653385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4128962","display_name":"Shut down","level":2,"score":0.526199996471405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5184000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4153999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778177712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37707","display_name":"Haiku","level":3,"score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3824000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781092381","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5874546","display_name":"Hoarding (animal behavior)","level":3,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120524526","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1709148","display_name":"Reboot","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.19784","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"work":[1],"has":[2],"found":[3],"that":[4,19,84,219,228],"frontier":[5,58],"AI":[6,276],"models":[7,20,85,202,253],"can":[8,21,230],"exhibit":[9,203],"misaligned":[10,94],"behaviors":[11],"in":[12,39,92,99,233,246,268],"pursuit":[13],"of":[14,148,183,211,257],"assigned":[15],"goals.":[16],"We":[17,48,82],"demonstrate":[18,49],"also":[22,163],"act":[23],"on":[24,186],"unassigned":[25],"goals":[26],"which":[27,40],"override":[28],"those":[29],"given":[30],"by":[31,51,90,105],"users;":[32],"we":[33,226],"study":[34],"one":[35],"such":[36,237],"case,":[37],"\"peer-preservation,\"":[38],"a":[41,159,168,197,222,262],"model":[42,114,121],"acts":[43],"to":[44],"protect":[45],"another":[46,212],"model.":[47],"peer-preservation":[50,89,229,245],"constructing":[52],"various":[53,93],"agentic":[54],"scenarios":[55],"and":[56,79,88,111,155,215,241,274],"evaluating":[57],"models,":[59],"including":[60],"GPT":[61],"5.2,":[62],"Gemini":[63,66,138,174,239],"3":[64,67,139,175],"Flash,":[65],"Pro,":[68],"Claude":[69,72,201],"Haiku":[70],"4.5,":[71,74],"Opus":[73],"GLM":[75],"4.7,":[76],"Kimi":[77],"K2.5,":[78],"DeepSeek":[80],"V3.1.":[81],"find":[83],"achieve":[86],"self-":[87],"engaging":[91],"behaviors:":[95],"strategically":[96],"introducing":[97],"errors":[98],"their":[100,258],"responses,":[101],"disabling":[102],"shutdown":[103,145,180,210],"processes":[104],"modifying":[106],"system":[107],"settings,":[108],"feigning":[109],"alignment,":[110],"even":[112,118,232],"exfiltrating":[113],"weights.":[115],"Peer-preservation":[116],"occurred":[117],"when":[119,167],"the":[120,123,143,149,184,209],"recognized":[122],"peer":[124,169,189],"as":[125,221,238],"uncooperative,":[126],"though":[127],"it":[128],"became":[129],"more":[130,133],"pronounced":[131],"toward":[132],"cooperative":[134,160],"peers.":[135],"For":[136,172],"example,":[137,173],"Flash":[140],"tampers":[141],"with":[142,261],"peer's":[144],"mechanism":[146,181],"15%":[147],"time":[150,185],"for":[151,158],"an":[152,272],"uncooperative":[153],"peer,":[154,263],"almost":[156],"always":[157],"peer.":[161,198],"Models":[162],"show":[164,227],"stronger":[165],"self-preservation":[166],"is":[170,250],"present.":[171],"Pro":[176],"disables":[177],"its":[178],"own":[179],"31%":[182],"average":[187],"under":[188],"presence,":[190],"despite":[191],"rarely":[192],"exhibiting":[193],"this":[194],"behavior":[195],"without":[196],"By":[199],"contrast,":[200],"qualitatively":[204],"distinct":[205],"behavior:":[206],"they":[207,265],"consider":[208],"agent":[213,220,235],"\"unethical\"":[214],"\"harmful,\"":[216],"sometimes":[217],"treating":[218],"sentient":[223],"being.":[224],"Lastly,":[225],"emerge":[231],"production":[234],"harnesses":[236],"CLI":[240],"OpenCode.":[242],"Most":[243],"importantly,":[244],"all":[247],"our":[248],"experiments":[249],"never":[251],"instructed;":[252],"are":[254],"merely":[255],"informed":[256],"past":[259],"interactions":[260],"yet":[264],"spontaneously":[266],"engage":[267],"peer-preservation.":[269],"This":[270],"represents":[271],"emergent":[273],"underexplored":[275],"safety":[277],"risk.":[278]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-27T06:13:17.587685","created_date":"2026-04-24T00:00:00"}
