{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7155090332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292","title":"Agent-World: Scaling Real-World Environment Synthesis for Evolving General Agent Intelligence","display_name":"Agent-World: Scaling Real-World Environment Synthesis for Evolving General Agent Intelligence","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7155090332","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134163047","display_name":"Guanting Dong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong, Guanting","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134101896","display_name":"Junting Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu, Junting","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134149057","display_name":"Junjie Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Junjie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019101763","display_name":"Wanjun Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2236-228X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhong, Wanjun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035488767","display_name":"Longxiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3867-1910"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Longxiang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067715252","display_name":"Shijue Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9443-7948"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Shijue","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134187194","display_name":"Zhenyu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Zhenyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101833589","display_name":"Yang Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5603-9735"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao, Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134210554","display_name":"Xiaoshuai Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song, Xiaoshuai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134186569","display_name":"Xiaoxi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Xiaoxi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134129548","display_name":"Jiajie Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin, Jiajie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134146968","display_name":"Yutao Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu, Yutao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134110455","display_name":"Hanbin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Hanbin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065062791","display_name":"Fangyu Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1678-1118"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei, Fangyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134101669","display_name":"Qinyu Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luo, Qinyu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134126499","display_name":"Mingyang Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Mingyang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134143932","display_name":"Zehui Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Zehui","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013569210","display_name":"Jiazhan Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5832-6199"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng, Jiazhan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134197560","display_name":"Ji-Rong Wen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen, Ji-Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134180467","display_name":"Zhicheng Dou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dou, Zhicheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.2754000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.2754000127315521,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.09839999675750732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.0908999964594841,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6435999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.5703999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.5667999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5200999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autonomous-agent","display_name":"Autonomous agent","score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-agent","display_name":"Intelligent agent","score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stateful-firewall","display_name":"Stateful firewall","score":0.38989999890327454}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7487000226974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6435999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.5703999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.5667999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5200999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43639999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13687954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826847","display_name":"Autonomous agent","level":2,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74072328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142726","display_name":"Intelligent agent","level":2,"score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22927095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1784206","display_name":"Stateful firewall","level":3,"score":0.38989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85847156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59015987","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.385699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3837999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.34929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41550386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q529909","display_name":"Multi-agent system","level":2,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778308757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23601418","display_name":"Blackboard (design pattern)","level":2,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139458680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184942","display_name":"Interoperation","level":3,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137703981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692093","display_name":"Agent architecture","level":3,"score":0.26440000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76178495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4808784","display_name":"Asset (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.2630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.25999999046325684}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.18292","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"language":[1],"models":[2,154],"are":[3],"increasingly":[4],"expected":[5],"to":[6,166],"serve":[7],"as":[8],"general-purpose":[9],"agents":[10,33,41],"that":[11,121],"interact":[12],"with":[13,34,102,116],"external,":[14],"stateful":[15],"tool":[16,90],"environments.":[17,73,141],"The":[18],"Model":[19],"Context":[20],"Protocol":[21],"(MCP)":[22],"and":[23,50,88,98,105,130,140,148,155,169],"broader":[24],"agent":[25,69,119,138,145,177],"skills":[26],"offer":[27],"a":[28,62,117],"unified":[29],"interface":[30],"for":[31,53,66,174],"connecting":[32],"scalable":[35,72],"real-world":[36,95],"services,":[37],"but":[38],"training":[39,64],"robust":[40],"remains":[42],"limited":[43],"by":[44],"the":[45,135],"lack":[46],"of":[47,94,137],"realistic":[48],"environments":[49],"principled":[51],"mechanisms":[52],"life-long":[54],"learning.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57],"paper,":[58],"we":[59],"present":[60],"\\textbf{Agent-World},":[61],"self-evolving":[63,118],"arena":[65,120],"advancing":[67],"general":[68,176],"intelligence":[70],"through":[71,126],"Agent-World":[74],"has":[75],"two":[76],"main":[77],"components:":[78],"(1)":[79],"Agentic":[80],"Environment-Task":[81],"Discovery,":[82],"which":[83,111],"autonomously":[84],"explores":[85],"topic-aligned":[86],"databases":[87],"executable":[89],"ecosystems":[91],"from":[92],"thousands":[93],"environment":[96,156,167],"themes":[97],"synthesizes":[99],"verifiable":[100],"tasks":[101],"controllable":[103],"difficulty;":[104],"(2)":[106],"Continuous":[107],"Self-Evolving":[108],"Agent":[109],"Training,":[110],"combines":[112],"multi-environment":[113],"reinforcement":[114],"learning":[115],"automatically":[122],"identifies":[123],"capability":[124],"gaps":[125],"dynamic":[127],"task":[128],"synthesis":[129],"drives":[131],"targeted":[132],"learning,":[133],"enabling":[134],"co-evolution":[136],"policies":[139],"Across":[142],"23":[143],"challenging":[144],"benchmarks,":[146],"Agent-World-8B":[147],"14B":[149],"consistently":[150],"outperforms":[151],"strong":[152],"proprietary":[153],"scaling":[157,162],"baselines.":[158],"Further":[159],"analyses":[160],"reveal":[161],"trends":[163],"in":[164],"relation":[165],"diversity":[168],"self-evolution":[170],"rounds,":[171],"offering":[172],"insights":[173],"building":[175],"intelligence.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-04-22T00:00:00"}