{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154617215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295","title":"Some Theoretical Limitations of t-SNE","display_name":"Some Theoretical Limitations of t-SNE","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154617215","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085651017","display_name":"Rupert Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6870-087X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Rupert","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133745200","display_name":"Elchanan Mossel","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mossel, Elchanan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.2037999927997589,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.2037999927997589,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10637","display_name":"Advanced Clustering Algorithms Research","score":0.07769999653100967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12536","display_name":"Topological and Geometric Data Analysis","score":0.046300001442432404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimension","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","score":0.6032999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.4372999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.33219999074935913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.6032999753952026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5422000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.46950000524520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.4372999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76969082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486902","display_name":"Mathematical model","level":2,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2531999945640564}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.13295","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"t-SNE":[0,38],"has":[1],"gained":[2],"popularity":[3],"as":[4],"a":[5,30,41],"dimension":[6,18],"reduction":[7,19],"technique,":[8],"especially":[9],"for":[10,33,37],"visualizing":[11],"data.":[12,27],"It":[13],"is":[14],"well-known":[15],"that":[16],"all":[17],"techniques":[20],"may":[21],"lose":[22],"important":[23,50],"features":[24,51],"of":[25,43,52],"the":[26],"We":[28],"provide":[29],"mathematical":[31],"framework":[32],"understanding":[34],"this":[35],"loss":[36],"by":[39,56],"establishing":[40],"number":[42],"results":[44],"in":[45],"different":[46],"scenarios":[47],"showing":[48],"how":[49],"data":[53],"are":[54],"lost":[55],"using":[57],"t-SNE.":[58]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-04-17T00:00:00"}