{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7153972388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409","title":"Do AI Coding Agents Log Like Humans? An Empirical Study","display_name":"Do AI Coding Agents Log Like Humans? An Empirical Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7153972388","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060700197","display_name":"Youssef Esseddiq Ouatiti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8063-6225"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ouatiti, Youssef Esseddiq","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133520755","display_name":"Mohammed Sayagh","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sayagh, Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133537169","display_name":"Hao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1638-3231"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133476919","display_name":"Ahmed E. Hassan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hassan, Ahmed E.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.20100000500679016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.20100000500679016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.14640000462532043,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.0892999991774559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logging","display_name":"Logging","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debugging","display_name":"Debugging","score":0.6886000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observability","display_name":"Observability","score":0.6542999744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.4724999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.46709999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.45170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constructive","display_name":"Constructive","score":0.44929999113082886}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125620115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845249","display_name":"Logging","level":2,"score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7105000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.6886000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36299963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369844","display_name":"Observability","level":2,"score":0.6542999744415283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.4724999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.46709999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.45170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778701210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28130034","display_name":"Constructive","level":3,"score":0.44929999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777989319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q597393","display_name":"Illegal logging","level":3,"score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5894958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297769","display_name":"Software agent","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.2590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.25780001282691956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09409","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"logging":[1,27,68,79,86,106,142,163,179],"is":[2],"essential":[3],"for":[4],"maintaining":[5],"and":[6,35,73,111,143,165],"debugging":[7],"complex":[8],"systems,":[9],"yet":[10],"it":[11],"remains":[12],"unclear":[13],"how":[14],"AI":[15,32],"coding":[16,33],"agents":[17,34,84,114],"handle":[18],"this":[19,49],"non-functional":[20],"requirement.":[21],"While":[22],"prior":[23],"work":[24],"characterizes":[25],"human":[26,71],"practices,":[28],"the":[29,36,75,123],"behaviors":[30],"of":[31,38,56,77,93,122,132,162],"efficacy":[37],"natural":[39,157],"language":[40,158],"instructions":[41,107,164],"in":[42,91,156],"governing":[43],"them":[44],"are":[45,108],"unexplored.":[46],"To":[47],"address":[48],"gap,":[50],"we":[51,126],"conduct":[52],"an":[53],"empirical":[54],"study":[55],"4,550":[57],"agentic":[58],"pull":[59],"requests":[60,120],"across":[61],"81":[62],"open-source":[63],"repositories.":[64],"We":[65,81],"compare":[66],"agent":[67,167],"patterns":[69],"against":[70],"baselines":[72],"analyze":[74],"impact":[76],"explicit":[78,105,147],"instructions.":[80],"find":[82],"that":[83,128,170],"change":[85],"less":[87],"often":[88],"than":[89],"humans":[90,129],"58.4%":[92],"repositories,":[94],"though":[95],"they":[96,102],"exhibit":[97],"higher":[98],"log":[99,134],"density":[100],"when":[101],"do.":[103],"Furthermore,":[104],"rare":[109],"(4.7%)":[110],"ineffective,":[112],"as":[113,137],"fail":[115],"to":[116,176],"comply":[117],"with":[118],"constructive":[119],"67%":[121],"time.":[124],"Finally,":[125],"observe":[127],"perform":[130],"72.5%":[131],"post-generation":[133],"repairs,":[135],"acting":[136],"\"silent":[138],"janitors\"":[139],"who":[140],"fix":[141],"observability":[144],"issues":[145],"without":[146],"review":[148],"feedback.":[149],"These":[150],"findings":[151],"indicate":[152],"a":[153],"dual":[154],"failure":[155],"instruction":[159],"(i.e.,":[160],"scarcity":[161],"low":[166],"compliance),":[168],"suggesting":[169],"deterministic":[171],"guardrails":[172],"might":[173],"be":[174],"necessary":[175],"ensure":[177],"consistent":[178],"practices.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-04-14T00:00:00"}
