{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154153898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136","title":"Frequency Quality Metrics based on Second-Order Derivative and Autocorrelation","display_name":"Frequency Quality Metrics based on Second-Order Derivative and Autocorrelation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154153898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051219644","display_name":"Taulant K\u00ebr\u00e7i","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4748-3399"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerci, Taulant","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133488118","display_name":"Federico Milano","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milano, Federico","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10573","display_name":"Power Quality and Harmonics","score":0.2896000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10573","display_name":"Power Quality and Harmonics","score":0.2896000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10305","display_name":"Power System Optimization and Stability","score":0.2718999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10740","display_name":"Wind Turbine Control Systems","score":0.09650000184774399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autocorrelation","display_name":"Autocorrelation","score":0.5993000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5985000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterintuitive","display_name":"Counterintuitive","score":0.564300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4271000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-power-system","display_name":"Electric power system","score":0.38260000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-domain","display_name":"Frequency domain","score":0.3776000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-quality","display_name":"Power quality","score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-response","display_name":"Frequency response","score":0.3662000000476837}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5297727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786970","display_name":"Autocorrelation","level":2,"score":0.5993000268936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5985000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101097943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5176983","display_name":"Counterintuitive","level":2,"score":0.564300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5547000169754028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4271000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.38260000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19118579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786423","display_name":"Frequency domain","level":2,"score":0.3776000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779665505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780079","display_name":"Power quality","level":3,"score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8590192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054694","display_name":"Frequency response","level":2,"score":0.3662000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142433447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7806653","display_name":"Time\u2013frequency analysis","level":3,"score":0.36079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3359000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21905445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502873","display_name":"Frequency grid","level":3,"score":0.32829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.3222000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123919525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q761942","display_name":"Frequency deviation","level":3,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97118885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q565636","display_name":"Frequency analysis","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.28769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8272713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176737","display_name":"Stochastic process","level":2,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25915539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220786","display_name":"Automatic frequency control","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117896860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11376","display_name":"Acceleration","level":2,"score":0.2619999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104892082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156810","display_name":"Low frequency","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.09136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4841860234737396,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"industry-oriented":[1],"paper":[2,34,71,103,127],"originates":[3],"from":[4,57],"the":[5,22,26,33,58,70,74,89,102,122,126,131],"observation":[6],"that":[7,73,105],"current":[8,97],"frequency":[9,37,90,112,119,134],"quality":[10,38,91,113,120],"metrics":[11,39,76,116],"utilized":[12],"by":[13,30],"transmission":[14],"system":[15,108],"operators":[16],"(TSOs)":[17],"fail":[18],"to":[19,129],"fully":[20],"capture":[21],"dynamic":[23,67],"behavior":[24],"of":[25,84,92,133],"grid":[27],"frequency.":[28],"Motivated":[29],"this":[31],"gap,":[32],"proposes":[35],"novel":[36],"based":[40],"on":[41],"second-order":[42],"dynamics":[43],"and":[44,53,62,65,79,117],"stochastic":[45,68],"autocorrelation.":[46],"Using":[47],"real-world":[48],"data":[49],"with":[50],"0.1":[51],"s":[52,55],"1":[54],"resolution":[56],"Irish,":[59],"Great":[60],"Britain":[61],"Nordic":[63],"systems":[64],"running":[66],"simulations,":[69],"shows":[72,104],"proposed":[75,123],"bring":[77],"new":[78],"counterintuitive":[80],"insights":[81],"in":[82],"terms":[83],"how":[85],"good":[86,111],"or":[87],"poor":[88,118],"power":[93,107],"grids":[94],"is":[95],"beyond":[96],"well-known":[98],"metrics.":[99,124],"In":[100],"particular,":[101],"a":[106],"may":[109],"show":[110],"using":[114,121],"standard":[115],"Overall,":[125],"contributes":[128],"improve":[130],"understanding":[132],"quality.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-04-14T00:00:00"}
