{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7152401484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284","title":"ClawLess: A Security Model of AI Agents","display_name":"ClawLess: A Security Model of AI Agents","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7152401484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087289834","display_name":"Hongyi Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6864-5409"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu, Hongyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133245899","display_name":"Nian Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liu, Nian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133282713","display_name":"Shuai Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Shuai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133247227","display_name":"Fengwei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Fengwei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.703499972820282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.703499972820282,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.04780000075697899,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11424","display_name":"Security and Verification in Computing","score":0.043299999088048935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security-model","display_name":"Computer security model","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-information-and-event-management","display_name":"Security information and event management","score":0.5551999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-testing","display_name":"Security testing","score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-policy","display_name":"Security policy","score":0.506600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-service","display_name":"Security service","score":0.45719999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-through-obscurity","display_name":"Security through obscurity","score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing-security","display_name":"Cloud computing security","score":0.43290001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-convergence","display_name":"Security convergence","score":0.34790000319480896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121822524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157582","display_name":"Computer security model","level":2,"score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7735000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6080999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.5551999807357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195518309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13424265","display_name":"Security testing","level":5,"score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154908896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2167404","display_name":"Security policy","level":2,"score":0.506600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29983905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445066","display_name":"Security service","level":3,"score":0.45719999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114869243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133735","display_name":"Security through obscurity","level":5,"score":0.447299987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.43290001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52420254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445028","display_name":"Security convergence","level":5,"score":0.34790000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.33480000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13687954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4826847","display_name":"Autonomous agent","level":2,"score":0.3190999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.31540000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.31299999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74072328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142726","display_name":"Intelligent agent","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117110713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3394676","display_name":"Network security policy","level":4,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147343967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5159078","display_name":"Concrete security","level":3,"score":0.2565999925136566}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7858187556266785,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomous":[0],"AI":[1,59],"agents":[2,60],"powered":[3],"by":[4],"Large":[5],"Language":[6],"Models":[7],"can":[8],"reason,":[9],"plan,":[10],"and":[11,22,84,104],"execute":[12],"complex":[13],"tasks,":[14],"but":[15],"their":[16],"ability":[17],"to":[18,32,86,92],"autonomously":[19],"retrieve":[20],"information":[21],"run":[23],"code":[24],"introduces":[25],"significant":[26],"security":[27,45,51,77,102,120,126],"risks.":[28],"Existing":[29],"approaches":[30],"attempt":[31],"regulate":[33],"agent":[34,68],"behavior":[35],"through":[36,106],"training":[37],"or":[38],"prompting,":[39],"which":[40],"does":[41],"not":[42],"offer":[43],"fundamental":[44],"guarantees.":[46],"We":[47],"present":[48],"ClawLess,":[49],"a":[50,62,75,107],"framework":[52],"that":[53,90],"enforces":[54],"formally":[55],"verified":[56],"policies":[57,89,97],"on":[58],"under":[61],"worst-case":[63],"threat":[64],"model":[65,78,121],"where":[66],"the":[67,118,129],"itself":[69],"may":[70],"be":[71],"adversarial.":[72],"ClawLess":[73],"formalizes":[74],"fine-grained":[76],"over":[79],"system":[80],"entities,":[81],"trust":[82],"scopes,":[83],"permissions":[85],"express":[87],"dynamic":[88],"adapt":[91],"agents'":[93],"runtime":[94],"behavior.":[95],"These":[96],"are":[98],"translated":[99],"into":[100],"concrete":[101],"rules":[103],"enforced":[105],"user-space":[108],"kernel":[109],"augmented":[110],"with":[111,122],"BPF-based":[112],"syscall":[113],"interception.":[114],"This":[115],"approach":[116],"bridges":[117],"formal":[119],"practical":[123],"enforcement,":[124],"ensuring":[125],"regardless":[127],"of":[128],"agent's":[130],"internal":[131],"design.":[132]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-04-10T00:00:00"}
