{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7152688892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245","title":"CraterBench-R: Instance-Level Crater Retrieval for Planetary Scale","display_name":"CraterBench-R: Instance-Level Crater Retrieval for Planetary Scale","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7152688892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133279024","display_name":"Jichao Fang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang, Jichao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133272281","display_name":"Lei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101988232","display_name":"Michael R. Phillips","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5215-3645"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phillips, Michael","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133303133","display_name":"Wei Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luo, Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.5830000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10406","display_name":"Planetary Science and Exploration","score":0.5830000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.1923999935388565,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.012000000104308128,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impact-crater","display_name":"Impact crater","score":0.6876000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.6141999959945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-retrieval","display_name":"Image retrieval","score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.36320000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.35929998755455017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179537507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55818","display_name":"Impact crater","level":2,"score":0.6876000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.6141999959945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.567799985408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43130001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1667742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10927554","display_name":"Image retrieval","level":3,"score":0.39899998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.38359999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.36320000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776481522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40218","display_name":"Orbiter","level":2,"score":0.3116999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3021000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178009071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q93344","display_name":"Trigonometric functions","level":2,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175309249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725864","display_name":"Pipeline transport","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.25209999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.06245","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Impact":[0],"craters":[1,16],"are":[2,35],"a":[3,19,55,132,144,168,209,230],"cornerstone":[4],"of":[5,196,222],"planetary":[6,133],"surface":[7],"analysis.":[8],"However,":[9,122],"while":[10,227],"most":[11],"deep":[12],"learning":[13],"pipelines":[14],"treat":[15],"solely":[17],"as":[18,26,46],"detection":[20],"problem,":[21],"critical":[22],"scientific":[23],"workflows":[24],"such":[25],"catalog":[27],"deduplication,":[28],"cross-observation":[29],"matching,":[30],"and":[31,52,67,74,163,189],"morphological":[32],"analog":[33],"discovery":[34],"inherently":[36],"retrieval":[37,50],"tasks.":[38],"To":[39,135],"address":[40],"this,":[41],"we":[42,104,140,206],"formulate":[43],"crater":[44,61],"analysis":[45],"an":[47],"instance-level":[48],"image":[49,127],"problem":[51],"introduce":[53],"CraterBench-R,":[54],"curated":[56],"benchmark":[57,235],"featuring":[58],"about":[59],"25,000":[60],"identities":[62],"with":[63,90,99,201,213],"multi-scale":[64],"gallery":[65],"views":[66],"manually":[68],"verified":[69],"queries":[70],"spanning":[71],"diverse":[72],"scales":[73],"contexts.":[75],"Our":[76],"baseline":[77],"evaluations":[78],"across":[79],"various":[80],"architectures":[81],"reveal":[82],"that":[83,106,148,208],"self-supervised":[84],"Vision":[85],"Transformers":[86],"(ViTs),":[87],"particularly":[88],"those":[89],"in-domain":[91],"pretraining,":[92],"dominate":[93],"the":[94,154,194,223],"task,":[95],"outperforming":[96],"generic":[97],"models":[98],"significantly":[100,202],"more":[101],"parameters.":[102],"Furthermore,":[103],"demonstrate":[105,207],"retaining":[107],"multiple":[108],"ViT":[109],"patch":[110],"tokens":[111,125,156,200],"for":[112],"late-interaction":[113,225],"matching":[114],"dramatically":[115],"improves":[116,180],"accuracy":[117,195,226],"over":[118,185],"standard":[119],"single-vector":[120,214],"pooling.":[121],"storing":[123],"all":[124,198],"per":[126],"is":[128,236],"operationally":[129],"inefficient":[130],"at":[131,177,190,239],"scale.":[134],"close":[136],"this":[137],"efficiency":[138],"gap,":[139],"propose":[141],"instance-token":[142,218],"aggregation,":[143],"scalable,":[145],"training-free":[146],"method":[147],"selects":[149],"K":[150],"seed":[151],"tokens,":[152],"assigns":[153],"remaining":[155],"to":[157],"these":[158],"seeds":[159],"via":[160],"cosine":[161],"similarity,":[162],"aggregates":[164],"each":[165],"cluster":[166],"into":[167],"single":[169],"representative":[170],"token.":[171],"This":[172],"approach":[173],"yields":[174],"substantial":[175],"gains:":[176],"K=16,":[178],"aggregation":[179],"mAP":[181],"by":[182,217],"17.9":[183],"points":[184],"raw":[186],"token":[187],"selection,":[188],"K=64,":[191],"it":[192],"matches":[193],"using":[197],"196":[199],"less":[203],"storage.":[204],"Finally,":[205],"practical":[210],"two-stage":[211],"pipeline,":[212],"shortlisting":[215],"followed":[216],"reranking,":[219],"recovers":[220],"89-94%":[221],"full":[224],"searching":[228],"only":[229],"small":[231],"candidate":[232],"set.":[233],"The":[234],"publicly":[237],"available":[238],"hf.co/datasets/jfang/CraterBench-R.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-04-10T00:00:00"}
