{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7148238561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528","title":"Think, Act, Build: An Agentic Framework with Vision Language Models for Zero-Shot 3D Visual Grounding","display_name":"Think, Act, Build: An Agentic Framework with Vision Language Models for Zero-Shot 3D Visual Grounding","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7148238561","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132801624","display_name":"Haibo Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Haibo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132830585","display_name":"Zihao Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin, Zihao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132829797","display_name":"Zhiyang Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Zhiyang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132798777","display_name":"Lifu Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Lifu","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.003100000089034438,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.5613999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity","display_name":"Ambiguity","score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.4805000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4293999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.4237000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.41510000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.37549999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.633400022983551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.5613999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5267999768257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.5042999982833862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.4805000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4733999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4293999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.4237000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.41510000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.37549999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777508537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936620","display_name":"Visual reasoning","level":2,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.33899998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.313400000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.30889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109950114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4464732","display_name":"3D reconstruction","level":2,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.29660001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.29600000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111370547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451120","display_name":"Sensory cue","level":2,"score":0.2802000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776863239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936601","display_name":"Visual hull","level":3,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776449333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7928781","display_name":"View synthesis","level":3,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22367795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7625208","display_name":"Structured prediction","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.25209999084472656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2604.00528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.4600231647491455}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3D":[0,9,36,74,181,197],"Visual":[1],"Grounding":[2],"(3D-VG)":[3],"aims":[4],"to":[5,53,60,71,120,130,165,177,196,200],"localize":[6],"objects":[7],"in":[8,155,214],"scenes":[10],"via":[11,188],"natural":[12],"language":[13],"descriptions.":[14],"While":[15],"recent":[16],"advancements":[17],"leveraging":[18,57],"Vision-Language":[19],"Models":[20],"(VLMs)":[21],"have":[22],"explored":[23],"zero-shot":[24,241],"possibilities,":[25],"they":[26],"typically":[27],"suffer":[28],"from":[29],"a":[30,86,95,109,148,156],"static":[31],"workflow":[32],"relying":[33,66,233],"on":[34,67,102,225,235],"preprocessed":[35],"point":[37],"clouds,":[38],"essentially":[39],"degrading":[40],"grounding":[41],"into":[42],"proposal":[43],"matching.":[44],"To":[45],"bypass":[46],"this":[47,78],"reliance,":[48],"our":[49,113,231],"core":[50],"motivation":[51],"is":[52],"decouple":[54],"the":[55,73,124,132,144,153,175,179,220],"task:":[56],"2D":[58,127,193],"VLMs":[59],"resolve":[61],"complex":[62],"spatial":[63,168],"semantics,":[64],"while":[65],"deterministic":[68],"multi-view":[69,133,163,186],"geometry":[70,164],"instantiate":[72],"structure.":[75],"Driven":[76],"by":[77,108,137,183],"insight,":[79],"we":[80,142,204],"propose":[81],"\"Think,":[82],"Act,":[83],"Build":[84],"(TAB)\",":[85],"dynamic":[87],"agentic":[88],"framework":[89],"that":[90,150,230],"reformulates":[91],"3D-VG":[92,111],"tasks":[93],"as":[94,208],"generative":[96],"2D-to-3D":[97],"reconstruction":[98],"paradigm":[99],"operating":[100],"directly":[101,191],"raw":[103],"RGB-D":[104],"streams.":[105],"Specifically,":[106],"guided":[107],"specialized":[110],"skill,":[112],"VLM":[114,139],"agent":[115,176],"dynamically":[116],"invokes":[117],"visual":[118,194],"tools":[119],"track":[121],"and":[122,160,211,217,227,243],"reconstruct":[123],"target":[125,154],"across":[126,170],"frames.":[128,172],"Crucially,":[129],"overcome":[131],"coverage":[134],"deficit":[135],"caused":[136],"strict":[138],"semantic":[140],"tracking,":[141],"introduce":[143],"Semantic-Anchored":[145],"Geometric":[146],"Expansion,":[147],"mechanism":[149],"first":[151],"anchors":[152],"reference":[157,209],"video":[158],"clip":[159],"then":[161],"leverages":[162],"propagate":[166],"its":[167],"location":[169],"unobserved":[171],"This":[173],"enables":[174],"\"Build\"":[178],"target's":[180],"representation":[182],"aggregating":[184],"these":[185],"features":[187],"camera":[189],"parameters,":[190],"mapping":[192],"cues":[195],"coordinates.":[198],"Furthermore,":[199],"ensure":[201],"rigorous":[202],"assessment,":[203],"identify":[205],"flaws":[206],"such":[207],"ambiguity":[210],"category":[212],"errors":[213],"existing":[215],"benchmarks":[216],"manually":[218],"refine":[219],"incorrect":[221],"queries.":[222],"Extensive":[223],"experiments":[224],"ScanRefer":[226],"Nr3D":[228],"demonstrate":[229],"framework,":[232],"entirely":[234],"open-source":[236],"models,":[237],"significantly":[238],"outperforms":[239],"previous":[240],"methods":[242],"even":[244],"surpasses":[245],"fully":[246],"supervised":[247],"baselines.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-04-03T00:00:00"}
