{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7147542742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010","title":"Improving Efficiency of GPU Kernel Optimization Agents using a Domain-Specific Language and Speed-of-Light Guidance","display_name":"Improving Efficiency of GPU Kernel Optimization Agents using a Domain-Specific Language and Speed-of-Light Guidance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7147542742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054590774","display_name":"Siva Kumar Sastry Hari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8346-7981"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hari, Siva Kumar Sastry","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Balaji, Vignesh","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balaji, Vignesh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001744939","display_name":"Sana Damani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6976-9000"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damani, Sana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014354015","display_name":"Qijing Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9084-8520"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Qijing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132619628","display_name":"Christos Kozyrakis","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kozyrakis, Christos","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.8968999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.8968999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12292","display_name":"Graph Theory and Algorithms","score":0.01140000019222498,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.008799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-switch","display_name":"Context switch","score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compiler","display_name":"Compiler","score":0.5221999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4984999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.4528999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4401000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4336000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.43140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-subscriber-line","display_name":"Digital subscriber line","score":0.4180999994277954}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8543999791145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53833338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061424","display_name":"Context switch","level":2,"score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169590947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47506","display_name":"Compiler","level":2,"score":0.5221999883651733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4984999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.4528999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4401000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4336000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.43140000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201374245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104534","display_name":"Digital subscriber line","level":2,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190902152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1325106","display_name":"Optimizing compiler","level":3,"score":0.40540000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133162039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061077","display_name":"Code generation","level":3,"score":0.367900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776221188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21072556","display_name":"Design space exploration","level":2,"score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143587482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1543216","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","level":2,"score":0.3450999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3422999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.34060001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986053828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355217","display_name":"Time budget","level":2,"score":0.31869998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35390924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q661075","display_name":"Metaprogramming","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164155591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067766","display_name":"Satisfiability modulo theories","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137800194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11713455","display_name":"Interpolation (computer graphics)","level":3,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.2946000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778770139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1966904","display_name":"Solver","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52723943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1127410","display_name":"Serialization","level":2,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50630238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q971505","display_name":"General-purpose computing on graphics processing units","level":3,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C553261973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14579","display_name":"Linux kernel","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.29010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optimizing":[0],"GPU":[1,153],"kernels":[2,154,183,273],"with":[3,148,192,256],"LLM":[4,54],"agents":[5,43,72,237],"is":[6,46,50,62],"an":[7],"iterative":[8],"process":[9],"over":[10,216],"a":[11,100,117,146,149,208,213,261],"large":[12],"design":[13,94],"space.":[14],"Every":[15],"candidate":[16],"must":[17],"be":[18,107],"generated,":[19],"compiled,":[20],"validated,":[21],"and":[22,31,111,125,137,161,171,181],"profiled,":[23],"so":[24],"fewer":[25],"trials":[26],"will":[27],"save":[28],"both":[29],"runtime":[30],"cost.":[32,241],"We":[33,140,164],"make":[34],"two":[35,93],"key":[36],"observations.":[37],"First,":[38],"the":[39,53,79,113,186,193,257,281],"abstraction":[40],"level":[41,119],"that":[42,105,130,155,177,184],"operate":[44],"at":[45,116,238,250],"important.":[47],"If":[48,60],"it":[49,61,65],"too":[51,63],"low,":[52],"wastes":[55],"reasoning":[56],"on":[57],"low-impact":[58],"details.":[59],"high,":[64],"may":[66,274],"miss":[67],"important":[68,122],"optimization":[69,123,173],"choices.":[70],"Second,":[71],"cannot":[73],"easily":[74],"tell":[75],"when":[76],"they":[77,87],"reach":[78],"point":[80],"of":[81,246,253],"diminishing":[82],"returns,":[83],"wasting":[84],"resources":[85],"as":[86],"continue":[88],"searching.":[89],"These":[90],"observations":[91],"motivate":[92],"principles":[95,143],"to":[96,135,168,202,223,279],"improve":[97],"efficiency:":[98],"(1)":[99],"compact":[101],"domain-specific":[102],"language":[103],"(DSL)":[104],"can":[106],"learned":[108],"in":[109,144],"context":[110],"lets":[112,231],"model":[114,226],"reason":[115],"higher":[118],"while":[120,248,277],"preserving":[121],"levers,":[124],"(2)":[126],"Speed-of-Light":[127],"(SOL)":[128],"guidance":[129,167],"uses":[131],"first-principles":[132],"performance":[133],"bounds":[134],"steer":[136],"budget":[138],"search.":[139],"implement":[141],"these":[142],"$\u03bc$CUTLASS,":[145],"DSL":[147,203],"compiler":[150],"for":[151],"CUTLASS-backed":[152],"covers":[156],"kernel":[157],"configuration,":[158],"epilogue":[159],"fusion,":[160],"multi-stage":[162],"pipelines.":[163],"use":[165],"SOL":[166,266],"estimate":[169],"headroom":[170],"guide":[172],"trials,":[174],"deprioritize":[175],"problems":[176,191],"are":[178],"near":[179],"SOL,":[180],"flag":[182],"game":[185],"benchmark.":[187],"On":[188],"59":[189],"KernelBench":[190],"same":[194],"iteration":[195],"budgets,":[196],"switching":[197],"from":[198],"generating":[199],"low-level":[200],"code":[201,204],"using":[205],"GPT-5-mini":[206],"turns":[207],"0.40x":[209],"geomean":[210,254],"regression":[211],"into":[212],"1.27x":[214],"speedup":[215],"PyTorch.":[217],"Adding":[218],"SOL-guided":[219,242],"steering":[220],"raises":[221],"this":[222],"1.56x.":[224],"Across":[225],"tiers,":[227],"$\u03bc$CUTLASS":[228],"+":[229],"SOL-guidance":[230],"weaker":[232],"models":[233],"outperform":[234],"stronger":[235],"baseline":[236],"lower":[239],"token":[240],"budgeting":[243],"saves":[244],"19-43%":[245],"tokens":[247],"retaining":[249],"least":[251],"95%":[252],"speedup,":[255],"best":[258],"policy":[259],"reaching":[260],"1.68x":[262],"efficiency":[263],"gain.":[264],"Lastly,":[265],"analysis":[267],"helps":[268],"detect":[269],"benchmark-gaming":[270],"cases,":[271],"where":[272],"appear":[275],"fast":[276],"failing":[278],"perform":[280],"intended":[282],"computation.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-04-02T00:00:00"}