{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7147067702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736","title":"Ordinal Semantic Segmentation Applied to Medical and Odontological Images","display_name":"Ordinal Semantic Segmentation Applied to Medical and Odontological Images","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7147067702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5132693825","display_name":"Mariana D\u00f3ria Prata Lima","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lima, Mariana D\u00f3ria Prata","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130929519","display_name":"Gilson Antonio Giraldi","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giraldi, Gilson Antonio","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013827007","display_name":"Jaime S. Cardoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3760-2473"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cardoso, Jaime S.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.2506999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.2506999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11363","display_name":"Dental Radiography and Imaging","score":0.1818999946117401,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3504","display_name":"Oral Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/35","display_name":"Dentistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.17659999430179596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6535000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.5867999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.5557000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinal-data","display_name":"Ordinal data","score":0.49140000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ordinal-regression","display_name":"Ordinal regression","score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.4505000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.38760000467300415}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6535000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5934000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.5867999792098999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5802000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5557000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85461838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100785","display_name":"Ordinal data","level":2,"score":0.49140000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110313322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100793","display_name":"Ordinal regression","level":2,"score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.4505000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.44940000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.38760000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.38659998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66746571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134833","display_name":"ENCODE","level":3,"score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.36039999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.33649998903274536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193125573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449065","display_name":"Semantic interpretation","level":2,"score":0.32170000672340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3203999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.2962999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130318100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2268914","display_name":"Semantic similarity","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.26736","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Semantic":[0],"segmentation":[1,83],"consists":[2],"of":[3,20,34],"assigning":[4],"a":[5],"semantic":[6,79,82,124,150],"label":[7],"to":[8,12,76,103,148],"each":[9],"pixel":[10],"according":[11,102],"predefined":[13],"classes.":[14],"This":[15],"process":[16],"facilitates":[17],"the":[18,31,98,104,133,154,160,165],"understanding":[19],"object":[21],"appearance":[22],"and":[23,93,164,189],"spatial":[24,166],"relationships,":[25],"playing":[26],"an":[27],"important":[28,55],"role":[29],"in":[30,81,132,183],"global":[32],"interpretation":[33],"image":[35,134],"content.":[36],"Although":[37],"modern":[38],"deep":[39,71],"learning":[40],"approaches":[41,178],"achieve":[42],"high":[43],"accuracy,":[44],"they":[45],"often":[46],"ignore":[47],"ordinal":[48,68,119,146,149],"relationships":[49,69],"among":[50],"classes,":[51],"which":[52],"may":[53],"encode":[54],"domain":[56],"knowledge":[57],"for":[58,145],"scene":[59],"interpretation.":[60],"In":[61,136],"this":[62,111,138],"work,":[63],"loss":[64,86,141],"functions":[65,87,142],"that":[66],"incorporate":[67],"into":[70],"neural":[72],"networks":[73],"are":[74,88,175],"investigated":[75],"promote":[77],"greater":[78],"consistency":[80],"tasks.":[84],"These":[85,177],"categorized":[89],"as":[90],"unimodal,":[91],"quasi-unimodal,":[92],"spatial.":[94],"Unimodal":[95],"losses":[96,109,122],"constrain":[97],"predicted":[99],"probability":[100],"distribution":[101],"class":[105],"ordering,":[106],"while":[107,117],"quasi-unimodal":[108],"relax":[110],"constraint":[112],"by":[113],"allowing":[114],"small":[115],"variations":[116],"preserving":[118],"coherence.":[120],"Spatial":[121],"penalize":[123],"inconsistencies":[125],"between":[126],"neighboring":[127],"pixels,":[128],"encouraging":[129],"smoother":[130],"transitions":[131],"space.":[135],"particular,":[137],"study":[139],"adapts":[140],"originally":[143],"proposed":[144],"classification":[147],"segmentation.":[151],"Among":[152],"them,":[153],"Expanded":[155],"Mean":[156],"Squared":[157],"Error":[158],"(EXP_MSE),":[159],"Quasi-Unimodal":[161],"Loss":[162,169],"(QUL),":[163],"Contact":[167],"Surface":[168],"using":[170],"Signal":[171],"Distance":[172],"Function":[173],"(CSSDF)":[174],"investigated.":[176],"have":[179],"shown":[180],"promising":[181],"results":[182],"medical":[184],"imaging,":[185],"improving":[186],"robustness,":[187],"generalization,":[188],"anatomical":[190],"consistency.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-04-02T00:00:00"}