{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7141184014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099","title":"Large Language Models as Optimization Controllers: Adaptive Continuation for SIMP Topology Optimization","display_name":"Large Language Models as Optimization Controllers: Adaptive Continuation for SIMP Topology Optimization","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7141184014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130724246","display_name":"Shaoliang Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang, Shaoliang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130799816","display_name":"Jun Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Jun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130756042","display_name":"Yunsheng Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Yunsheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130724246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.17430000007152557,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.17430000007152557,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.0771000012755394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.060499999672174454,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continuation","display_name":"Continuation","score":0.5954999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.47189998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.44929999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.40869998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sharpening","display_name":"Sharpening","score":0.39660000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cascade","display_name":"Cascade","score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.34130001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.3244999945163727}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88626702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128903","display_name":"Continuation","level":2,"score":0.5954999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4745999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.47189998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.44929999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.444599986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.40869998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781137444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q237105","display_name":"Sharpening","level":2,"score":0.39660000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35749998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34146451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048094","display_name":"Cascade","level":2,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.34130001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3244999945163727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.2928999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778217198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556977","display_name":"Cutoff","level":2,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81388566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526668","display_name":"Sigmoid function","level":3,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129997835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q806263","display_name":"Bandlimiting","level":3,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118437007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017139","display_name":"Hybrid automatic repeat request","level":3,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.25099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6179067492485046,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,103],"present":[1],"a":[2,6,37,71,84,88,118],"framework":[3],"in":[4],"which":[5],"large":[7],"language":[8],"model":[9],"(LLM)":[10],"acts":[11],"as":[12],"an":[13,114],"online":[14],"adaptive":[15],"controller":[16],"for":[17,55,143],"SIMP":[18],"topology":[19],"optimization,":[20],"replacing":[21],"conventional":[22],"fixed-schedule":[23],"continuation":[24],"with":[25,186],"real-time,":[26],"state-conditioned":[27],"parameter":[28],"decisions.":[29],"At":[30],"every":[31,176],"$k$-th":[32],"iteration,":[33],"the":[34,56,94,105,154,164,171,183,195,205,209,212],"LLM":[35,90,168],"receives":[36],"structured":[38],"observation$-$current":[39],"compliance,":[40],"grayness":[41,78],"index,":[42],"stagnation":[43],"counter,":[44],"checkerboard":[45],"measure,":[46],"volume":[47],"fraction,":[48],"and":[49,66,83,98,117,131,215],"budget":[50],"consumption$-$and":[51],"outputs":[52],"numerical":[53],"values":[54],"penalization":[57],"exponent":[58],"$p$,":[59],"projection":[60],"sharpness":[61],"$\u03b2$,":[62],"filter":[63],"radius":[64],"$r_{\\min}$,":[65],"move":[67],"limit":[68],"$\u03b4$":[69],"via":[70],"Direct":[72],"Numeric":[73],"Control":[74],"interface.":[75],"A":[76,146],"hard":[77],"gate":[79,99],"prevents":[80],"premature":[81],"binarization,":[82],"meta-optimization":[85],"loop":[86],"uses":[87],"second":[89],"pass":[91],"to":[92,179,182],"tune":[93],"agent's":[95],"call":[96],"frequency":[97],"threshold":[100],"across":[101],"runs.":[102],"benchmark":[104],"agent":[106,169],"against":[107],"four":[108],"baselines$-$fixed":[109],"(no-continuation),":[110],"standard":[111],"three-field":[112],"continuation,":[113],"expert":[115],"heuristic,":[116],"schedule-only":[119,192],"ablation$-$on":[120],"three":[121,201],"2-D":[122],"problems":[123,134],"(cantilever,":[124,135],"MBB":[125,136],"beam,":[126],"L-bracket)":[127],"at":[128,138],"$120\\!\\times\\!60$":[129],"resolution":[130],"two":[132,199],"3-D":[133],"beam)":[137],"$40\\!\\times\\!20\\!\\times\\!10$":[139],"resolution,":[140],"all":[141,187],"run":[142],"300":[144],"iterations.":[145],"standardized":[147],"40-iteration":[148],"sharpening":[149],"tail":[150],"is":[151],"applied":[152],"from":[153],"best":[155],"valid":[156],"snapshot":[157],"so":[158],"that":[159,204],"compliance":[160,174],"differences":[161],"reflect":[162],"only":[163],"exploration":[165],"phase.":[166],"The":[167,191],"achieves":[170],"lowest":[172],"final":[173],"on":[175,198],"benchmark:":[177],"$-5.7\\%$":[178],"$-18.1\\%$":[180],"relative":[181],"fixed":[184,196],"baseline,":[185],"solutions":[188],"fully":[189],"binary.":[190],"ablation":[193],"underperforms":[194],"baseline":[197],"of":[200],"problems,":[202],"confirming":[203],"LLM's":[206],"real-time":[207],"intervention$-$not":[208],"schedule":[210],"geometry$-$drives":[211],"gain.":[213],"Code":[214],"reproduction":[216],"scripts":[217],"will":[218],"be":[219],"released":[220],"upon":[221],"publication.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T06:16:51.555046","created_date":"2026-03-28T00:00:00"}