{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7141484946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826","title":"Synthetic Rewriting as a Quality Multiplier: Evidence from Portuguese Continued Pretraining","display_name":"Synthetic Rewriting as a Quality Multiplier: Evidence from Portuguese Continued Pretraining","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7141484946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009573252","display_name":"Thales Sales Almeida","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9568-9331"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Almeida, Thales Sales","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130737849","display_name":"Rodrigo Nogueira","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nogueira, Rodrigo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130814360","display_name":"H\u00e9lio Pedrini","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedrini, H\u00e9lio","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.5573999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.5573999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.12439999729394913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13629","display_name":"Text Readability and Simplification","score":0.04639999940991402,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rewriting","display_name":"Rewriting","score":0.9617000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portuguese","display_name":"Portuguese","score":0.70169997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5730999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5260999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-quality","display_name":"Data quality","score":0.5055000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-data","display_name":"Synthetic data","score":0.47380000352859497}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154690210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1668499","display_name":"Rewriting","level":2,"score":0.9617000222206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35219183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5146","display_name":"Portuguese","level":2,"score":0.70169997215271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6610999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5730999708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5260999798774719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5062999725341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.5055000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160920958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662746","display_name":"Synthetic data","level":2,"score":0.47380000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4334000051021576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.35530000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.349700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983685735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227355","display_name":"Data source","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56288433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58673","display_name":"Data manipulation language","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.2547000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.25440001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.24826","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8785344362258911}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Synthetic":[0],"data":[1,34,49,97,129,138,143,159,183],"generation":[2],"through":[3],"document":[4],"rewriting":[5,45,127,141,171],"has":[6],"emerged":[7],"as":[8,174],"a":[9,39,61,87,118,131,175,180],"promising":[10],"technique":[11],"for":[12,28,182],"improving":[13],"language":[14],"model":[15],"pretraining,":[16],"yet":[17],"most":[18],"studies":[19],"focus":[20],"on":[21,110,115],"English":[22],"and":[23,67,80,107,113,185],"do":[24],"not":[25],"systematically":[26],"control":[27],"the":[29,32,52,124,136,149],"quality":[30,50,69,78,176],"of":[31,42,54,95],"source":[33,48],"being":[35],"rewritten.":[36],"We":[37,100],"present":[38],"controlled":[40],"study":[41],"how":[43],"synthetic":[44,96,170],"interacts":[46],"with":[47,65,156],"in":[51],"context":[53],"Portuguese":[55,62,121],"continued":[56],"pretraining.":[57],"Starting":[58],"from":[59],"ClassiCC-PT,":[60],"corpus":[63],"annotated":[64],"STEM":[66],"Educational":[68],"scores,":[70],"we":[71],"construct":[72],"two":[73,102],"10B-token":[74],"subsets":[75],"at":[76],"different":[77],"levels":[79],"rewrite":[81],"each":[82,111],"into":[83],"four":[84],"styles":[85],"using":[86],"7B":[88,108,125],"instruction-tuned":[89],"model,":[90],"producing":[91],"approximately":[92],"40B":[93],"tokens":[94],"per":[98],"condition.":[99],"train":[101],"English-centric":[103],"base":[104],"models":[105],"(1.1B":[106],"parameters)":[109],"condition":[112],"evaluate":[114],"PoETa":[116],"V2,":[117],"comprehensive":[119],"44-task":[120],"benchmark.":[122],"At":[123,148],"scale,":[126,151],"high-quality":[128,164],"yields":[130],"+3.4":[132],"NPM":[133],"gain":[134],"over":[135],"same":[137],"unmodified,":[139],"while":[140],"low-quality":[142,158],"provides":[144],"only":[145],"+0.5":[146],"NPM.":[147],"1.1B":[150],"this":[152,187],"interaction":[153],"is":[154,189],"weaker,":[155],"unmodified":[157],"performing":[160],"comparably":[161],"to":[162],"rewritten":[163],"data.":[165],"Our":[166],"results":[167],"demonstrate":[168],"that":[169,186],"acts":[172],"primarily":[173],"multiplier":[177],"rather":[178],"than":[179],"substitute":[181],"curation,":[184],"effect":[188],"scale-dependent.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-03-28T00:00:00"}