{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140181777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263","title":"From Natural Language to Executable Properties for Property-based Testing of Mobile Apps","display_name":"From Natural Language to Executable Properties for Property-based Testing of Mobile Apps","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140181777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiong, Yiheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiong, Yiheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Su, Ting","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Su, Ting","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sun, Jingling","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun, Jingling","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wang, Jue","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Jue","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Li, Qin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pu, Geguang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pu, Geguang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Su, Zhendong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Su, Zhendong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9699000120162964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9699000120162964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.010599999688565731,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.0035000001080334187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.45559999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.3991999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.33309999108314514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.4771000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.45899999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.45559999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4196000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.3991999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.3912999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3628999888896942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780878386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1659648","display_name":"Visual language","level":2,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.30820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145644426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169411","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","level":3,"score":0.30390000343322754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2994000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63000827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3080428","display_name":"Software portability","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160713754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1389965","display_name":"Maintainability","level":2,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.21263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Property-based":[0],"testing":[1,7],"(PBT)":[2],"is":[3,10],"a":[4,49,70,122],"popular":[5],"software":[6],"methodology":[8],"and":[9,35,66,83,105,126],"effective":[11],"in":[12,25,60,69],"validating":[13],"the":[14,32,77,156,183],"functionality":[15],"of":[16,165],"mobile":[17],"applications":[18],"(apps":[19],"for":[20],"short).":[21],"However,":[22],"its":[23,210],"adoption":[24],"practice":[26],"remains":[27],"limited,":[28],"largely":[29],"due":[30],"to":[31,39,97,113,161,167,171,186,212],"manual":[33,195],"effort":[34],"technical":[36],"expertise":[37],"required":[38,185],"specify":[40],"executable":[41,64,84,116,188],"properties.":[42,117],"In":[43],"this":[44],"experience":[45],"paper,":[46],"we":[47],"propose":[48],"novel":[50],"structured":[51],"property":[52,58,85,134],"synthesis":[53],"approach":[54,75],"that":[55,155,180],"automatically":[56],"translates":[57],"descriptions":[59,135],"natural":[61],"language":[62],"into":[63,79],"properties,":[65],"implement":[67],"it":[68],"tool":[71],"named":[72],"iPBT.":[73],"Our":[74],"decomposes":[76],"problem":[78],"UI":[80],"semantic":[81],"grounding":[82],"synthesis.":[86],"It":[87],"first":[88],"builds":[89],"an":[90,108,127,138,151,162],"enriched":[91,157],"widget":[92,158],"context":[93,159],"via":[94],"multimodal":[95],"LLMs":[96],"align":[98],"visual":[99],"elements":[100],"with":[101,110,121,176],"their":[102],"functional":[103],"semantics,":[104],"then":[106],"uses":[107],"LLM":[109,124,129],"in-context":[111],"learning":[112],"generate":[114],"framework-specific":[115],"We":[118],"evaluate":[119],"iPBT":[120,142,181],"closed-source":[123],"(GPT-4o)":[125],"open-source":[128],"(DeepSeek-V3)":[130],"on":[131,147,199],"124":[132],"diverse":[133,202],"derived":[136],"from":[137],"existing":[139],"benchmark":[140],"dataset.":[141],"achieves":[143],"95.2%":[144],"(118/124)":[145],"accuracy":[146],"both":[148],"LLMs.":[149],"Notably,":[150],"ablation":[152],"study":[153,175],"reveals":[154],"contributes":[160],"absolute":[163],"improvement":[164],"up":[166],"20.2%":[168],"(from":[169],"75.0%":[170],"95.2%).":[172],"A":[173],"user":[174],"10":[177],"participants":[178],"demonstrates":[179],"reduces":[182],"time":[184],"write":[187],"properties":[189],"by":[190],"56%,":[191],"suggesting":[192],"substantially":[193],"lower":[194],"effort.":[196],"Furthermore,":[197],"evaluations":[198],"1,180":[200],"linguistically":[201],"variations":[203],"demonstrate":[204],"iPBT's":[205],"robustness":[206],"(87.6%":[207],"accuracy),":[208],"indicating":[209],"capability":[211],"handle":[213],"varied":[214],"expressions.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-03-25T00:00:00"}
