{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7136586548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.13154","title":"ESG-Bench: Benchmarking Long-Context ESG Reports for Hallucination Mitigation","display_name":"ESG-Bench: Benchmarking Long-Context ESG Reports for Hallucination Mitigation","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7136586548","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.13154"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:240408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/240408/1/2603.13154v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/240408/1/2603.13154v1.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023777406","display_name":"Siqi Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7240-8724"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sun, Siqi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090239205","display_name":"Ben Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-4341"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Ben Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046703591","display_name":"Mali Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin, Mali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027847171","display_name":"Peizhen Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3027-5518"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bai, Peizhen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129485612","display_name":"Hanpei Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Hanpei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019126151","display_name":"Xingyi Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4188-6974"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Song, Xingyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.25545249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.0892999991774559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.0892999991774559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.07479999959468842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12262","display_name":"Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection","score":0.05999999865889549,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.7621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/readability","display_name":"Readability","score":0.6870999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.579800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/framing","display_name":"Framing (construction)","score":0.5442000031471252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-social-responsibility","display_name":"Corporate social responsibility","score":0.4596000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.42010000348091125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.7621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778143727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820650","display_name":"Readability","level":2,"score":0.6870999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.579800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.554099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169087156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2131593","display_name":"Framing (construction)","level":2,"score":0.5442000031471252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5234000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141261163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218600","display_name":"Corporate social responsibility","level":2,"score":0.4596000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.42010000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.36309999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3589000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14331377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2340208","display_name":"Contingency plan","level":2,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.3041999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.27059999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97508593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1359069","display_name":"Contingency","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162446236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q653137","display_name":"Content analysis","level":2,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:240408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/240408/1/2603.13154v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.13154","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.13154","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:240408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/id/eprint/240408/1/2603.13154v1.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.5369117856025696,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7136586548.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7136586548.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"corporate":[1],"responsibility":[2],"increasingly":[3],"incorporates":[4],"environmental,":[5],"social,":[6],"and":[7,21,29,33,39,49,57,71,122,127,147,168,174],"governance":[8],"(ESG)":[9],"criteria,":[10],"ESG":[11,42,68,88,104,125,185],"reporting":[12],"is":[13],"becoming":[14],"a":[15,22,64,108,129],"legal":[16],"requirement":[17],"in":[18,74,86,135,171],"many":[19],"regions":[20],"key":[23],"channel":[24],"for":[25,67],"documenting":[26],"sustainability":[27],"practices":[28],"assessing":[30],"firms'":[31],"long-term":[32],"ethical":[34],"performance.":[35],"However,":[36],"the":[37,51,176,184],"length":[38],"complexity":[40],"of":[41,117],"disclosures":[43],"make":[44],"them":[45],"difficult":[46],"to":[47,120,179],"interpret":[48],"automate":[50],"analysis":[52,106],"reliably.":[53],"To":[54],"support":[55],"scalable":[56],"trustworthy":[58],"analysis,":[59],"this":[60],"paper":[61],"introduces":[62],"ESG-Bench,":[63],"benchmark":[65],"dataset":[66],"report":[69,89,105],"understanding":[70],"hallucination":[72],"mitigation":[73],"large":[75],"language":[76],"models":[77],"(LLMs).":[78],"ESG-Bench":[79,153],"contains":[80],"human-annotated":[81],"question-answer":[82],"(QA)":[83],"pairs":[84],"grounded":[85],"real-world":[87],"contexts,":[90],"with":[91,111],"fine-grained":[92],"labels":[93],"indicating":[94],"whether":[95],"model":[96],"outputs":[97],"are":[98],"factually":[99],"supported":[100],"or":[101],"hallucinated.":[102],"Framing":[103],"as":[107],"QA":[109,181],"task":[110],"verifiability":[112],"constraints":[113],"enables":[114],"systematic":[115],"evaluation":[116],"LLMs'":[118],"ability":[119],"extract":[121],"reason":[123],"over":[124],"content":[126],"provides":[128],"new":[130],"use":[131],"case:":[132],"mitigating":[133],"hallucinations":[134],"socially":[136],"sensitive,":[137],"compliance-critical":[138],"settings.":[139],"We":[140],"design":[141],"task-specific":[142],"Chain-of-Thought":[143],"(CoT)":[144],"prompting":[145,167],"strategies":[146],"fine-tune":[148],"multiple":[149],"state-of-the-art":[150],"LLMs":[151],"on":[152],"using":[154],"CoT-annotated":[155],"rationales.":[156],"Our":[157],"experiments":[158],"show":[159],"that":[160,175],"these":[161],"CoT-based":[162],"methods":[163],"substantially":[164],"outperform":[165],"standard":[166],"direct":[169],"fine-tuning":[170],"reducing":[172],"hallucinations,":[173],"gains":[177],"transfer":[178],"existing":[180],"benchmarks":[182],"beyond":[183],"domain.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-03-17T00:00:00"}
