{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7136204920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510","title":"Red-Teaming Vision-Language-Action Models via Quality Diversity Prompt Generation for Robust Robot Policies","display_name":"Red-Teaming Vision-Language-Action Models via Quality Diversity Prompt Generation for Robust Robot Policies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7136204920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120442285","display_name":"Siddharth Srikanth","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srikanth, Siddharth","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129598388","display_name":"Freddie Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang, Freddie","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111003854","display_name":"Sophie Hsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsu, Ya-Chuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129464222","display_name":"Varun Bhatt","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bhatt, Varun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129446461","display_name":"Shihan Zhao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao, Shihan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129494188","display_name":"Henry Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Henry","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129564513","display_name":"Bryon Tjanaka","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tjanaka, Bryon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129619748","display_name":"Minjune Hwang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hwang, Minjune","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054629140","display_name":"Akanksha Saran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-6699"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saran, Akanksha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129448573","display_name":"Daniel Seita","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seita, Daniel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129508240","display_name":"Aaquib Tabrez","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tabrez, Aaquib","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129422670","display_name":"Stefanos Nikolaidis","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolaidis, Stefanos","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.33070001006126404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.33070001006126404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.2313999980688095,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.08579999953508377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.8331999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.6279000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6046000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.6031000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4936000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.41780000925064087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.8331999778747559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7396000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.6279000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6046000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.6031000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5092999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4936000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.43529999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4059999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.39559999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.33309999108314514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.33230000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020442560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4971815","display_name":"Broad spectrum","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.12510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5580384135246277,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Vision-Language-Action":[0],"(VLA)":[1],"models":[2],"have":[3],"significant":[4],"potential":[5],"to":[6,26,37,92,124,151],"enable":[7],"general-purpose":[8],"robotic":[9],"systems":[10],"for":[11,54,63,195],"a":[12,51,94,142,192],"range":[13],"of":[14,20,30,97,164,202],"vision-language":[15],"tasks.":[16],"However,":[17],"the":[18,27,132,176,200],"performance":[19],"VLA-based":[21,203],"robots":[22,41],"is":[23,191,209],"highly":[24],"sensitive":[25],"precise":[28],"wording":[29],"language":[31,75],"instructions,":[32],"and":[33,58,119,127,155,172,198],"it":[34],"remains":[35],"difficult":[36],"predict":[38],"when":[39],"such":[40],"will":[42],"fail.":[43],"We":[44],"propose":[45],"Quality":[46],"Diversity":[47,62],"(QD)":[48],"optimization":[49],"as":[50],"natural":[52,74,154],"framework":[53],"red-teaming":[55,69],"embodied":[56],"models,":[57],"present":[59],"Q-DIG":[60,84,115,147,165,190],"(Quality":[61],"Diverse":[64],"Instruction":[65],"Generation),":[66],"which":[67],"performs":[68],"by":[70],"scalably":[71],"identifying":[72,196],"diverse,":[73],"task":[76,136],"descriptions":[77],"that":[78,100,114,128,146,189],"induce":[79],"failures":[80],"while":[81],"remaining":[82],"task-relevant.":[83],"integrates":[85],"QD":[86],"techniques":[87],"with":[88,170],"Vision-Language":[89],"Models":[90],"(VLMs)":[91],"generate":[93],"broad":[95],"spectrum":[96],"adversarial":[98],"instructions":[99,134],"expose":[101],"meaningful":[102,120],"vulnerabilities":[103,197],"in":[104],"VLA":[105],"behavior.":[106],"Our":[107,205],"results":[108,140,168],"across":[109],"multiple":[110],"simulation":[111],"benchmarks":[112],"show":[113,167],"finds":[116],"more":[117,153],"diverse":[118],"failure":[121],"modes":[122],"compared":[123],"baseline":[125],"methods,":[126],"fine-tuning":[129,173],"VLAs":[130,174],"on":[131,175,182],"generated":[133,177],"improves":[135],"success":[137,180],"rates.":[138],"Furthermore,":[139],"from":[141,159],"user":[143],"study":[144],"highlight":[145],"generates":[148],"prompts":[149,166,178],"judged":[150],"be":[152],"human-like":[156],"than":[157],"those":[158],"baselines.":[160],"Finally,":[161],"real-world":[162],"evaluations":[163],"consistent":[169],"simulation,":[171],"further":[179],"rates":[181],"unseen":[183],"instructions.":[184],"Together,":[185],"these":[186],"findings":[187],"suggest":[188],"promising":[193],"approach":[194],"improving":[199],"robustness":[201],"robots.":[204],"anonymous":[206],"project":[207],"website":[208],"at":[210],"qdigvla.github.io.":[211]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-03-17T00:00:00"}