{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7135204384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767","title":"Understanding Wikidata Qualifiers: An Analysis and Taxonomy","display_name":"Understanding Wikidata Qualifiers: An Analysis and Taxonomy","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7135204384","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073534376","display_name":"Gilles Falquet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1401-5110"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Falquet, Gilles","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129056586","display_name":"Sahar Aljalbout","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aljalbout, Sahar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12478","display_name":"Wikis in Education and Collaboration","score":0.6948000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12478","display_name":"Wikis in Education and Collaboration","score":0.6948000192642212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.09359999746084213,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.08669999986886978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/taxonomy","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","score":0.8141000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.428600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.3156000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.2809999883174896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58642233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8269924","display_name":"Taxonomy (biology)","level":2,"score":0.8141000270843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7516999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5296000242233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.428600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.37720000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3156000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11767","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3],"in-depth":[4],"analysis":[5],"of":[6,19,27],"Wikidata":[7,64],"qualifiers,":[8,30],"focusing":[9],"on":[10,44],"their":[11],"semantics":[12],"and":[13,34,46,72,83,94,101,119,126],"actual":[14],"usage,":[15],"with":[16],"the":[17,25,32,57,66,111,115],"aim":[18],"developing":[20],"a":[21,49,63,75,121],"taxonomy":[22,77,87,112],"that":[23,78,110],"addresses":[24],"challenges":[26],"selecting":[28],"appropriate":[29],"querying":[31,95],"graph,":[33],"making":[35],"logical":[36],"inferences.":[37],"The":[38,86,107],"study":[39],"evaluates":[40],"qualifier":[41,98],"importance":[42],"based":[43],"frequency":[45],"diversity,":[47],"using":[48],"modified":[50],"Shannon":[51],"entropy":[52],"index":[53],"to":[54,89,124],"account":[55],"for":[56],"\"long":[58],"tail\"":[59],"phenomenon.":[60],"By":[61],"analyzing":[62],"dump,":[65],"top":[67],"300":[68],"qualifiers":[69,118,128],"were":[70],"selected":[71],"categorized":[73],"into":[74],"refined":[76],"includes":[79],"contextual,":[80],"epistemic/uncertainty,":[81],"structural,":[82],"additional":[84],"qualifiers.":[85],"aims":[88],"guide":[90],"contributors":[91],"in":[92,129],"creating":[93],"statements,":[96],"improve":[97],"recommendation":[99],"systems,":[100],"enhance":[102],"knowledge":[103],"graph":[104],"design":[105],"methodologies.":[106],"results":[108],"show":[109],"effectively":[113],"covers":[114],"most":[116],"important":[117],"provides":[120],"structured":[122],"approach":[123],"understanding":[125],"utilizing":[127],"Wikidata.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-03-14T00:00:00"}