{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7135181942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640","title":"Tokenization Allows Multimodal Large Language Models to Understand, Generate and Edit Architectural Floor Plans","display_name":"Tokenization Allows Multimodal Large Language Models to Understand, Generate and Edit Architectural Floor Plans","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7135181942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128982198","display_name":"Sizhong Qin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin, Sizhong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016599323","display_name":"Ramon Weber","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3856-531X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weber, Ramon Elias","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091489017","display_name":"Xinzheng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3313-7420"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu, Xinzheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.7616999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.7616999745368958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.029200000688433647,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11904","display_name":"Spatial Cognition and Navigation","score":0.0215000007301569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/construct","display_name":"Construct (python library)","score":0.5741999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plan","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","score":0.5267000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.4968999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.4832000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floor-plan","display_name":"Floor plan","score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-language","display_name":"Design language","score":0.3677000105381012}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7907000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164392","display_name":"Construct (python library)","level":2,"score":0.5741999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785468","display_name":"Plan (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5267000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5194000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.4968999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.4832000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.4066999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.40290001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3919000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.3878999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61056293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18965","display_name":"Floor plan","level":2,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49777639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5264354","display_name":"Design language","level":2,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817354","display_name":"Spatial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.3637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776411971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141398","display_name":"Sublanguage","level":2,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.32690000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780878386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1659648","display_name":"Visual language","level":2,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142816647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5573018","display_name":"Glyph (data visualization)","level":3,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94922259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33215","display_name":"Constructed language","level":2,"score":0.2777000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60048249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37437","display_name":"Syntax","level":2,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176982825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q835922","display_name":"Lexical analysis","level":2,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.11640","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.50240159034729,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Architectural":[0],"floor":[1,51],"plan":[2,52],"design":[3],"demands":[4],"joint":[5],"reasoning":[6,37],"over":[7],"geometry,":[8],"semantics,":[9],"and":[10,25,38,55,73,79,100,105],"spatial":[11,36],"hierarchy,":[12],"which":[13],"remains":[14],"a":[15,44,67],"major":[16],"challenge":[17],"for":[18],"current":[19],"AI":[20],"systems.":[21],"Although":[22],"recent":[23],"diffusion":[24],"language":[26,47],"models":[27],"improve":[28],"visual":[29],"fidelity,":[30],"they":[31],"still":[32],"struggle":[33],"with":[34],"coherent":[35],"controllable":[39,86],"generation.":[40],"We":[41,60],"present":[42],"HouseMind,":[43],"multimodal":[45,77],"large":[46],"model":[48,83],"that":[49,70],"unifies":[50],"understanding,":[53],"generation,":[54],"editing":[56],"in":[57],"one":[58],"framework.":[59],"introduce":[61],"discrete":[62],"room-instance":[63],"tokens":[64],"to":[65],"construct":[66],"unified":[68],"vocabulary":[69],"bridges":[71],"layouts":[72,87],"symbolic":[74],"reasoning.":[75],"With":[76],"alignment":[78],"instruction":[80],"tuning,":[81],"the":[82,94],"synthesizes":[84],"coherent,":[85],"from":[88],"text":[89],"instructions.":[90],"Experiments":[91],"show":[92],"how":[93],"framework":[95],"achieves":[96],"superior":[97],"geometric":[98],"validity":[99],"controllability":[101],"while":[102],"remaining":[103],"efficient":[104],"locally":[106],"deployable.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-03-14T00:00:00"}
