{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134965443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249","title":"Social-R1: Towards Human-like Social Reasoning in LLMs","display_name":"Social-R1: Towards Human-like Social Reasoning in LLMs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134965443","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128694850","display_name":"Jincenzi Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Jincenzi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128712756","display_name":"Yuxuan Lei","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei, Yuxuan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128800424","display_name":"Jianxun Lian","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lian, Jianxun","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128776798","display_name":"Yitian Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huang, Yitian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128778992","display_name":"Lexin Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhou, Lexin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128756437","display_name":"Haotian Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Haotian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128799450","display_name":"Xing Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xie, Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128757780","display_name":"Helen Meng","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng, Helen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128694850"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.2676999866962433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.2676999866962433,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.23019999265670776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.08399999886751175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.6523000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-reasoning","display_name":"Visual reasoning","score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-intelligence","display_name":"Human intelligence","score":0.4957999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-intelligence","display_name":"Social intelligence","score":0.453900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.4212000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-learning","display_name":"Social learning","score":0.38499999046325684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.6523000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777508537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7936620","display_name":"Visual reasoning","level":2,"score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5153999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5937824","display_name":"Human intelligence","level":2,"score":0.4957999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4724999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45801056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2273844","display_name":"Social intelligence","level":2,"score":0.453900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.42660000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4212000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.41920000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79416737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2305519","display_name":"Social learning","level":2,"score":0.38499999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.35120001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3434000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817354","display_name":"Spatial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.32420000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3221000134944916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86658582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432778","display_name":"Social cognition","level":3,"score":0.31709998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43971567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3142865","display_name":"Logical reasoning","level":2,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115086926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004651","display_name":"Causal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.31220000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36964233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7920942","display_name":"Verbal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162027153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2264109","display_name":"Artificial general intelligence","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195344581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2555318","display_name":"Automated reasoning","level":2,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41065033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2825412","display_name":"Adversary","level":2,"score":0.2676999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.26759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982912361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851867","display_name":"Mental model","level":2,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.09249","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"large":[1],"language":[2],"models":[3,46],"demonstrate":[4,152],"remarkable":[5],"capabilities":[6],"across":[7,146],"numerous":[8],"domains,":[9],"social":[10,17,55,62,89,167],"intelligence":[11,63],"-":[12,26],"the":[13,116],"capacity":[14],"to":[15,83,138],"perceive":[16],"cues,":[18],"infer":[19],"mental":[20],"states,":[21],"and":[22,37,125,143,165],"generate":[23],"appropriate":[24],"responses":[25],"remains":[27],"a":[28,97,134,161],"critical":[29],"challenge,":[30],"particularly":[31],"for":[32,88],"enabling":[33],"effective":[34],"human-AI":[35],"collaboration":[36],"developing":[38],"AI":[39],"that":[40,59,69,101,130,153],"truly":[41],"serves":[42],"human":[43,106],"needs.":[44],"Current":[45],"often":[47],"rely":[48],"on":[49,92],"superficial":[50],"patterns":[51],"rather":[52],"than":[53],"genuine":[54],"reasoning.":[56,90],"We":[57],"argue":[58],"cultivating":[60],"human-like":[61],"requires":[64],"training":[65,86,155],"with":[66,105,157],"challenging":[67,154],"cases":[68,156],"resist":[70],"shortcut":[71],"solutions.":[72],"To":[73],"this":[74],"end,":[75],"we":[76,94],"introduce":[77],"ToMBench-Hard,":[78],"an":[79],"adversarial":[80],"benchmark":[81],"designed":[82],"provide":[84],"hard":[85],"examples":[87],"Building":[91],"this,":[93],"propose":[95],"Social-R1,":[96],"reinforcement":[98],"learning":[99],"framework":[100],"aligns":[102],"model":[103,137],"reasoning":[104,118],"cognition":[107],"through":[108],"multi-dimensional":[109],"rewards.":[110],"Unlike":[111],"outcome-based":[112],"RL,":[113],"Social-R1":[114],"supervises":[115],"entire":[117],"process,":[119],"enforcing":[120],"structural":[121],"alignment,":[122],"logical":[123],"integrity,":[124],"information":[126],"density.":[127],"Results":[128],"show":[129],"our":[131],"approach":[132],"enables":[133],"4B":[135],"parameter":[136],"surpass":[139],"much":[140],"larger":[141],"counterparts":[142],"generalize":[144],"robustly":[145],"eight":[147],"diverse":[148],"benchmarks.":[149],"These":[150],"findings":[151],"trajectory-level":[158],"alignment":[159],"offer":[160],"path":[162],"toward":[163],"efficient":[164],"reliable":[166],"intelligence.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-12T06:18:43.230356","created_date":"2026-03-12T00:00:00"}