{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134847623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.06925","title":"Small Target Detection Based on Mask-Enhanced Attention Fusion of Visible and Infrared Remote Sensing Images","display_name":"Small Target Detection Based on Mask-Enhanced Attention Fusion of Visible and Infrared Remote Sensing Images","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134847623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.06925"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.06925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128683654","display_name":"Qianqian Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Qianqian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128684447","display_name":"Xiaolong Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia, Xiaolong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070017771","display_name":"Ahmed M. Abdelmoniem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1374-1882"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelmoniem, Ahmed M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128658476","display_name":"Li Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhou, Li","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101089530","display_name":"Junshe An","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"An, Junshe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128683654"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.4399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.4399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.24199999868869781,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.1876000016927719,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-color-model","display_name":"RGB color model","score":0.6064000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.6007000207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5170999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.499099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.429500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared","display_name":"Infrared","score":0.4235999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4153999984264374}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7261999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.708299994468689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6636999845504761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82990744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166194","display_name":"RGB color model","level":2,"score":0.6064000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.6007000207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5971999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5170999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.499099999666214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.429500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.4235999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4153999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.40149998664855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69744172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860822","display_name":"Image fusion","level":3,"score":0.3837999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3273000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.3212999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.3052999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183365957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17140402","display_name":"Remote sensing application","level":3,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.06925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.06925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.06925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.06925","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6693274974822998,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Targets":[0],"in":[1,165],"remote":[2,167],"sensing":[3,168],"images":[4],"are":[5],"usually":[6],"small,":[7],"weakly":[8],"textured,":[9],"and":[10,63,69,75,79,110,123,137],"easily":[11],"disturbed":[12],"by":[13],"complex":[14,166],"backgrounds,":[15],"challenging":[16],"high-precision":[17],"detection":[18,164],"with":[19,133,152],"general":[20],"algorithms.":[21],"Building":[22],"on":[23,107,121,126],"our":[24],"earlier":[25],"ESM-YOLO,":[26],"this":[27],"work":[28],"presents":[29],"ESM-YOLO+":[30,41,148],"as":[31],"a":[32],"lightweight":[33],"visible":[34],"infrared":[35,70],"fusion":[36],"network.":[37],"To":[38],"enhance":[39],"detection,":[40],"includes":[42],"two":[43],"key":[44],"innovations.":[45],"(1)":[46],"A":[47],"Mask-Enhanced":[48],"Attention":[49],"Fusion":[50],"(MEAF)":[51],"module":[52],"fuses":[53],"features":[54],"at":[55],"the":[56,108,142],"pixel":[57],"level":[58],"via":[59],"learnable":[60],"spatial":[61,64,94],"masks":[62],"attention,":[65],"effectively":[66],"aligning":[67],"RGB":[68],"features,":[71],"enhancing":[72],"small-target":[73,163],"representation,":[74],"alleviating":[76],"cross-modal":[77],"misalignment":[78],"scale":[80],"heterogeneity.":[81],"(2)":[82],"Training-time":[83],"Structural":[84],"Representation":[85],"(SR)":[86],"enhancement":[87],"provides":[88],"auxiliary":[89],"supervision":[90],"to":[91],"preserve":[92],"fine-grained":[93],"structures":[95],"during":[96],"training,":[97],"boosting":[98],"feature":[99],"discriminability":[100],"without":[101],"extra":[102],"inference":[103],"cost.":[104],"Extensive":[105],"experiments":[106],"VEDAI":[109,122],"DroneVehicle":[111],"datasets":[112],"validate":[113],"ESM-YOLO+'s":[114],"superiority.":[115],"The":[116],"model":[117,131],"achieves":[118],"84.71\\%":[119],"mAP":[120,125],"74.0\\%":[124],"DroneVehicle,":[127],"while":[128],"greatly":[129],"reducing":[130],"complexity,":[132],"93.6\\%":[134],"fewer":[135],"parameters":[136],"68.0\\%":[138],"lower":[139],"GFLOPs":[140],"than":[141],"baseline.":[143],"These":[144],"results":[145],"confirm":[146],"that":[147],"integrates":[149],"strong":[150],"performance":[151],"practicality":[153],"for":[154,161],"real-time":[155],"deployment,":[156],"providing":[157],"an":[158],"effective":[159],"solution":[160],"high-performance":[162],"scenes.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2026-03-11T00:00:00"}
