{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134035351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.05219","title":"SPyCer: Semi-Supervised Physics-Guided Contextual Attention for Near-Surface Air Temperature Estimation from Satellite Imagery","display_name":"SPyCer: Semi-Supervised Physics-Guided Contextual Attention for Near-Surface Air Temperature Estimation from Satellite Imagery","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134035351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.05219"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.05219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042804466","display_name":"Sofiane Bouaziz","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bouaziz, Sofiane","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061197809","display_name":"Adel Hafiane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3185-9996"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hafiane, Adel","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Canals, Raphael","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Canals, Raphael","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095521832","display_name":"Rachid Nedjai","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nedjai, Rachid","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.7616000175476074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":0.7616000175476074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.03020000085234642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10266","display_name":"Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics","score":0.025499999523162842,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.6502000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.542900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.44859999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-imagery","display_name":"Satellite imagery","score":0.3887999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.3828999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-observation","display_name":"Earth observation","score":0.38269999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-process","display_name":"Gaussian process","score":0.35600000619888306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6559000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.6502000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5838000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.542900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4896000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.44859999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.3887999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.3828999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39399123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1348989","display_name":"Earth observation","level":3,"score":0.38269999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61326573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496376","display_name":"Gaussian process","level":3,"score":0.35600000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.33079999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183365957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17140402","display_name":"Remote sensing application","level":3,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118365302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4817115","display_name":"Atmospheric model","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777423268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3663116","display_name":"Energy balance","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76935873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209121","display_name":"Image sensor","level":2,"score":0.250900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134097258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507383","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","level":2,"score":0.2506999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.05219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.05219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.05219","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.05219","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.4165722131729126,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modern":[0],"Earth":[1],"observation":[2],"relies":[3],"on":[4,183],"satellites":[5],"to":[6,24,52,76],"capture":[7,159],"detailed":[8],"surface":[9,150],"properties.":[10,84],"Yet,":[11],"many":[12],"phenomena":[13],"that":[14,68,187],"affect":[15],"humans":[16],"and":[17,46,73,117,137,153,176,192,205],"ecosystems":[18],"unfold":[19],"in":[20,200],"the":[21,25,78,120,149,160],"atmosphere":[22],"close":[23],"surface.":[26],"Near-ground":[27],"sensors":[28],"provide":[29,53],"accurate":[30],"measurements":[31],"of":[32,91,122,163,202],"certain":[33],"environmental":[34],"characteristics,":[35],"such":[36],"as":[37,102],"near-surface":[38],"air":[39],"temperature":[40],"(NSAT).":[41],"However,":[42],"they":[43],"remain":[44],"sparse":[45],"unevenly":[47],"distributed,":[48],"limiting":[49],"their":[50],"ability":[51],"continuous":[54,89],"spatial":[55],"measurements.":[56],"To":[57,158],"bridge":[58],"this":[59],"gap,":[60],"we":[61],"introduce":[62],"SPyCer,":[63],"a":[64,103,123,168],"semi-supervised":[65],"physics-guided":[66,145],"network":[67],"can":[69],"leverage":[70],"pixel":[71,130],"information":[72],"physical":[74,83,161,209],"modeling":[75],"guide":[77],"learning":[79],"process":[80],"through":[81,144],"meaningful":[82],"It":[85],"is":[86,111,131],"designed":[87],"for":[88],"estimation":[90],"NSAT":[92,100,136,195],"by":[93,172],"proxy":[94],"using":[95,133],"satellite":[96,114],"imagery.":[97],"SPyCer":[98,166,188],"frames":[99],"prediction":[101],"pixel-wise":[104],"vision":[105],"problem,":[106],"where":[107],"each":[108],"near-ground":[109],"sensor":[110,129],"projected":[112],"onto":[113],"image":[115,125],"coordinates":[116],"positioned":[118],"at":[119],"center":[121],"local":[124],"patch.":[126],"The":[127],"corresponding":[128],"supervised":[132],"both":[134],"observed":[135],"physics-based":[138],"constraints,":[139],"while":[140],"surrounding":[141],"pixels":[142],"contribute":[143],"regularization":[146],"derived":[147],"from":[148],"energy":[151],"balance":[152],"advection-diffusion-reaction":[154],"partial":[155],"differential":[156],"equations.":[157],"influence":[162],"neighboring":[164],"pixels,":[165],"employs":[167],"multi-head":[169],"attention":[170],"guided":[171],"land":[173],"cover":[174],"characteristics":[175],"modulated":[177],"with":[178,207],"Gaussian":[179],"distance":[180],"weighting.":[181],"Experiments":[182],"real-world":[184],"datasets":[185],"demonstrate":[186],"produces":[189],"spatially":[190],"coherent":[191],"physically":[193],"consistent":[194],"estimates,":[196],"outperforming":[197],"existing":[198],"baselines":[199],"terms":[201],"accuracy,":[203],"generalization,":[204],"alignment":[206],"underlying":[208],"processes.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-03-07T00:00:00"}