{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134043646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.04816","title":"Scaling Laws for Cross-Encoder Reranking","display_name":"Scaling Laws for Cross-Encoder Reranking","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134043646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.04816"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.04816","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104019728","display_name":"Rahul Seetharaman","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seetharaman, Rahul","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128231843","display_name":"Aman Bansal","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bansal, Aman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128255049","display_name":"Hamed Zamani","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zamani, Hamed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128273135","display_name":"Kaustubh Dhole","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhole, Kaustubh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18197214,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9581999778747559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.9581999778747559,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13274","display_name":"Expert finding and Q&A systems","score":0.003700000001117587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.6671000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling-law","display_name":"Scaling law","score":0.461899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.37220001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-to-rank","display_name":"Learning to rank","score":0.3052999973297119}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7991999983787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.6671000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988430800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428971","display_name":"Scaling law","level":3,"score":0.461899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44369998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43860000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.4108000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.37220001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86037889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4330127","display_name":"Learning to rank","level":3,"score":0.3052999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75553542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178161","display_name":"A priori and a posteriori","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777742833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1964083","display_name":"Reciprocal","level":2,"score":0.2583000063896179}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.04816","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.04816","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.04816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.04816","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Scaling":[0],"laws":[1,23],"are":[2,107],"well":[3],"studied":[4],"for":[5,13,24,115,126],"language":[6],"models":[7,55],"and":[8,30,36,63,68,83,109,130,135],"first-stage":[9],"retrieval,":[10],"but":[11],"not":[12],"reranking.":[14],"We":[15],"present":[16],"the":[17,78,98,102],"first":[18],"systematic":[19],"study":[20],"of":[21],"scaling":[22,81,124],"cross-encoder":[25],"rerankers":[26,47,65],"across":[27],"pointwise,":[28],"pairwise,":[29],"listwise":[31],"objectives.":[32],"Across":[33],"model":[34],"size":[35],"training":[37,103],"exposure,":[38],"ranking":[39],"quality":[40],"follows":[41],"predictable":[42],"power":[43],"laws,":[44],"enabling":[45],"larger":[46],"to":[48,57],"be":[49],"forecast":[50,61],"from":[51,77],"smaller":[52],"runs.":[53],"Using":[54],"up":[56],"150M":[58],"parameters,":[59],"we":[60,73,131],"400M":[62],"1B":[64],"on":[66,101],"MSMARCO-dev":[67],"TREC":[69],"DL.":[70],"Beyond":[71],"forecasting,":[72],"derive":[74],"compute-allocation":[75],"rules":[76],"fitted":[79],"joint":[80],"law":[82],"compare":[84],"them":[85,113],"with":[86],"equal-compute":[87],"checkpoints,":[88],"showing":[89],"that":[90],"retrieval":[91],"metrics":[92],"often":[93],"favor":[94],"data-heavy":[95],"scaling,":[96],"though":[97],"recommendation":[99],"depends":[100],"objective.":[104],"The":[105],"forecasts":[106],"accurate":[108],"typically":[110],"conservative,":[111],"making":[112],"useful":[114],"planning":[116],"expensive":[117],"large-model":[118],"training.":[119],"These":[120],"results":[121],"provide":[122],"practical":[123],"principles":[125],"industrial":[127],"reranking":[128],"systems,":[129],"will":[132],"release":[133],"code":[134],"evaluation":[136],"protocols.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2026-03-07T00:00:00"}
