{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133336966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099","title":"Recursive Think-Answer Process for LLMs and VLMs","display_name":"Recursive Think-Answer Process for LLMs and VLMs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133336966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127949090","display_name":"Byung-Kwan Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lee, Byung-Kwan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128027759","display_name":"Youngchae Chee","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chee, Youngchae","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127964407","display_name":"Yong Man Ro","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ro, Yong Man","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.48420000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.48420000076293945,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.16910000145435333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.13930000364780426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.683899998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certainty","display_name":"Certainty","score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.4544000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-and-incremental-development","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","score":0.4505000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-model","display_name":"Internal model","score":0.3560999929904938}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.683899998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.670199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4952000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7493553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520777","display_name":"Certainty","level":2,"score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.4544000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143587482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1543216","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","level":2,"score":0.4505000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44029998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28427503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13580300","display_name":"Internal model","level":3,"score":0.3560999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.2515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76956256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27610560","display_name":"Process modeling","level":3,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.02099","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Think-Answer":[0,42],"reasoners":[1],"such":[2],"as":[3],"DeepSeek-R1":[4],"have":[5],"made":[6],"notable":[7],"progress":[8],"by":[9,116],"leveraging":[10],"interpretable":[11],"internal":[12],"reasoning.":[13,143],"However,":[14],"despite":[15],"the":[16,74,118,148,158],"frequent":[17],"presence":[18],"of":[19,76,120,161],"self-reflective":[20,134],"cues":[21],"like":[22],"\"Oops!\",":[23],"they":[24],"remain":[25],"vulnerable":[26],"to":[27,48,65,156],"output":[28],"errors":[29],"during":[30],"single-pass":[31,62,103],"inference.":[32],"To":[33],"address":[34],"this":[35,66],"limitation,":[36],"we":[37,126],"propose":[38],"an":[39],"efficient":[40,152],"Recursive":[41],"Process":[43],"(R-TAP)":[44],"that":[45,72,97,128],"enables":[46],"models":[47,99,109,113,130],"engage":[49],"in":[50,123,137],"iterative":[51],"reasoning":[52,159],"cycles":[53],"and":[54,79,91,111,140,153],"generate":[55],"more":[56,138],"accurate":[57],"answers,":[58],"going":[59],"beyond":[60],"conventional":[61,102],"approaches.":[63],"Central":[64],"approach":[67],"is":[68],"a":[69],"confidence":[70],"generator":[71],"evaluates":[73],"certainty":[75],"model":[77,124],"responses":[78],"guides":[80],"subsequent":[81],"improvements.":[82],"By":[83],"incorporating":[84],"two":[85],"complementary":[86],"rewards-Recursively":[87],"Confidence":[88,94],"Increase":[89],"Reward":[90],"Final":[92],"Answer":[93],"Reward-we":[95],"show":[96],"R-TAP-enhanced":[98],"consistently":[100],"outperform":[101],"methods":[104,155],"for":[105],"both":[106],"large":[107],"language":[108],"(LLMs)":[110],"vision-language":[112],"(VLMs).":[114],"Moreover,":[115],"analyzing":[117],"frequency":[119],"\"Oops\"-like":[121],"expressions":[122],"responses,":[125],"find":[127],"R-TAP-applied":[129],"exhibit":[131],"significantly":[132],"fewer":[133],"patterns,":[135],"resulting":[136],"stable":[139],"faster":[141],"inference-time":[142],"We":[144],"hope":[145],"R-TAP":[146],"pave":[147],"way":[149],"evolving":[150],"into":[151],"elaborated":[154],"refine":[157],"processes":[160],"future":[162],"AI.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}