{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133332765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345","title":"CensorLess: Cost-Efficient Censorship Circumvention Through Serverless Cloud Functions","display_name":"CensorLess: Cost-Efficient Censorship Circumvention Through Serverless Cloud Functions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133332765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127940668","display_name":"Dayeon Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kang, Dayeon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064176333","display_name":"Jade Sheffey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-9267"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheffey, Jade","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075716149","display_name":"Mixia Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4825-9452"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wu, Mingshi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101917630","display_name":"Pubali Datta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2026-5465"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Datta, Pubali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127889834","display_name":"Amir Houmansadr","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Houmansadr, Amir","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.27480000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.27480000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.14159999787807465,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10742","display_name":"Peer-to-Peer Network Technologies","score":0.11890000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/censorship","display_name":"Censorship","score":0.7222999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proxy","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","score":0.5712000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.5213000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4948999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.3133000135421753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52930066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543","display_name":"Censorship","level":2,"score":0.7222999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6608999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6359000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780148112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432581","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5712000131607056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.5213000178337097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4948999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3133000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65813073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1622420","display_name":"High availability","level":2,"score":0.2720000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41458344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q732577","display_name":"Publication","level":2,"score":0.26579999923706055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2603.00345","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4870454668998718,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,16,28,75,119],"increase":[2],"in":[3,35],"Internet":[4],"censorship":[5,36,145],"globally,":[6],"various":[7],"circumvention":[8,37,71,134],"tools":[9,21],"have":[10],"been":[11],"designed":[12],"and":[13,27,61,93,108,127],"developed.":[14],"However,":[15],"monetary":[17],"cost":[18,42,122],"of":[19,30,78],"these":[20],"deeply":[22],"impacts":[23],"both":[24],"user":[25],"choice":[26],"sustainability":[29],"provider":[31],"operations.":[32],"Recent":[33],"developments":[34],"research":[38],"attempted":[39],"to":[40,58,130],"achieve":[41],"efficiency":[43],"by":[44,139,147],"utilizing":[45],"Infrastructure-as-a-Service":[46],"(IaaS)":[47],"spot":[48],"instances":[49],"as":[50],"bridges,":[51,107],"but":[52],"still":[53],"incurred":[54],"substantial":[55],"expenses":[56],"related":[57],"network":[59],"connectivity":[60],"instance":[62],"maintenance.":[63],"In":[64],"this":[65],"work,":[66],"we":[67],"present":[68],"CensorLess,":[69],"a":[70,79,86,101,109],"proxy":[72,88],"built":[73],"leveraging":[74],"unique":[76],"benefits":[77],"serverless":[80,97,120],"platform.":[81],"CensorLess":[82,117,136],"comprises":[83],"three":[84],"components:":[85],"local":[87],"that":[89,104,113],"handles":[90],"client-side":[91],"communication":[92],"ensures":[94],"compliance":[95],"with":[96],"functions'":[98],"security":[99],"restrictions,":[100],"function":[102],"refresher":[103],"periodically":[105],"regenerates":[106],"live":[110],"migration":[111],"mechanism":[112],"maintains":[114],"continuous":[115],"connectivity.":[116],"inherits":[118],"platform's":[121],"efficiency,":[123],"ephemerality,":[124],"scalability,":[125],"concurrency,":[126],"performance.":[128],"Compared":[129],"existing":[131],"low-cost,":[132],"state-of-the-art":[133],"techniques,":[135],"reduces":[137],"costs":[138],"97%,":[140],"while":[141],"simultaneously":[142],"enabling":[143],"robust":[144],"resistance":[146],"employing":[148],"bridge":[149],"rotation.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}