{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131437217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.19612","title":"Anatomy of Unlearning: The Dual Impact of Fact Salience and Model Fine-Tuning","display_name":"Anatomy of Unlearning: The Dual Impact of Fact Salience and Model Fine-Tuning","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131437217","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.19612"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.19612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126789605","display_name":"Borisiuk Anna","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Borisiuk, Anna","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126794992","display_name":"Andrey Savchenko","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Savchenko, Andrey","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126790161","display_name":"Alexander Panchenko","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panchenko, Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126791863","display_name":"Elena Tutubalina","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tutubalina, Elena","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.22147703,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.20010000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.20010000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.1972000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.1193000003695488,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salience","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","score":0.7971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.677299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/popularity","display_name":"Popularity","score":0.6425999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-understanding","display_name":"Language understanding","score":0.4336000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.34380000829696655}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108154423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469792","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","level":2,"score":0.7971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.677299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1357284","display_name":"Popularity","level":2,"score":0.6425999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.595300018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5583000183105469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983448237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Language understanding","level":2,"score":0.4336000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.37529999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019440502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500430","display_name":"Dual role","level":2,"score":0.3278000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.29919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019953569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5310141","display_name":"Dual purpose","level":2,"score":0.2671999931335449}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.19612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.19612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.19612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.19612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Machine":[0],"Unlearning":[1,45],"(MU)":[2],"enables":[3],"Large":[4],"Language":[5],"Models":[6],"(LLMs)":[7],"to":[8,78,107],"remove":[9],"unsafe":[10],"or":[11,34,109],"outdated":[12],"information.":[13],"However,":[14],"existing":[15],"work":[16],"assumes":[17],"that":[18,71],"all":[19],"facts":[20],"are":[21],"equally":[22],"forgettable":[23],"and":[24,64,73,93,105],"largely":[25],"ignores":[26],"whether":[27],"the":[28,84],"forgotten":[29],"knowledge":[30],"originates":[31],"from":[32],"pretraining":[33],"supervised":[35],"fine-tuning":[36],"(SFT).":[37],"In":[38],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"we":[41],"introduce":[42],"DUET":[43],"(Dual":[44],"Evaluation":[46],"across":[47],"Training":[48],"Stages),":[49],"a":[50],"benchmark":[51],"of":[52],"28.6k":[53],"Wikidata-derived":[54],"triplets":[55],"annotated":[56],"with":[57],"fact":[58],"popularity":[59],"using":[60],"Wikipedia":[61],"link":[62],"counts":[63],"LLM-based":[65],"salience":[66],"scores.":[67],"Our":[68],"experiments":[69],"show":[70],"pretrained":[72,101],"SFT":[74,81],"models":[75,102],"respond":[76],"differently":[77],"unlearning.":[79],"An":[80],"step":[82],"on":[83,100],"forget":[85],"data":[86],"yields":[87],"smoother":[88],"forgetting,":[89],"more":[90],"stable":[91],"tuning,":[92],"10-50%":[94],"higher":[95],"retention,":[96],"while":[97],"direct":[98],"unlearning":[99],"remains":[103],"unstable":[104],"prone":[106],"relearning":[108],"catastrophic":[110],"forgetting.":[111]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-02-26T00:00:00"}
