{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130688221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.17502","title":"Proximal powered knee placement: a case study","display_name":"Proximal powered knee placement: a case study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130688221","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.17502"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.17502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021066997","display_name":"Kyle Embry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4629-2630"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Embry, Kyle R.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126504695","display_name":"Lorenzo Vianello","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vianello, Lorenzo","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113881185","display_name":"Jim Lipsey","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lipsey, Jim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071921384","display_name":"Frank Ursetta","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ursetta, Frank","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108432947","display_name":"Michael Stephens","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephens, Michael","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126513334","display_name":"Zhi Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang, Zhi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033055357","display_name":"Ann M. Simon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6431-0329"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon, Ann M.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064964960","display_name":"Andrea J. Ikeda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2249-4641"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ikeda, Andrea J.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113737709","display_name":"Suzanne B. Finucane","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Finucane, Suzanne B.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079765562","display_name":"Shawana Anarwala","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anarwala, Shawana","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018478365","display_name":"Levi J. Hargrove","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-0050"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hargrove, Levi J.","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021066997"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11023","display_name":"Prosthetics and Rehabilitation Robotics","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10879","display_name":"Robotic Locomotion and Control","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kinematics","display_name":"Kinematics","score":0.6409000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stairs","display_name":"Stairs","score":0.6345999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cadence","display_name":"Cadence","score":0.6276999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait","display_name":"Gait","score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range-of-motion","display_name":"Range of motion","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.47269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gait-analysis","display_name":"Gait analysis","score":0.45680001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preferred-walking-speed","display_name":"Preferred walking speed","score":0.44190001487731934}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.6420999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39920418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11476","display_name":"Kinematics","level":2,"score":0.6409000158309937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777295749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12511","display_name":"Stairs","level":2,"score":0.6345999836921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777125575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14088448","display_name":"Cadence","level":2,"score":0.6276999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151800584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370000","display_name":"Gait","level":2,"score":0.6100000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60465272","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q494478","display_name":"Range of motion","level":2,"score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.47269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173906292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1493441","display_name":"Gait analysis","level":3,"score":0.45680001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70770792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239848","display_name":"Preferred walking speed","level":2,"score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12847509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132973","display_name":"Power walking","level":3,"score":0.43939998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3982999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.38100001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3698999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170700871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193378","display_name":"Biomechanics","level":2,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989316616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6027402","display_name":"Lower limb","level":2,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3203999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.31520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908736133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37425","display_name":"Knee Joint","level":2,"score":0.31470000743865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910402577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477415","display_name":"Lower limb amputation","level":3,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780928941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372945","display_name":"Rating of perceived exertion","level":4,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777036941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6917771","display_name":"Motion analysis","level":2,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776204877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477415","display_name":"Amputation","level":2,"score":0.2833999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776319952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2451755","display_name":"Stair climbing","level":2,"score":0.2718999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.17502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.17502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.17502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.17502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4850493371486664,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lower":[0],"limb":[1],"amputation":[2],"affects":[3],"millions":[4],"worldwide,":[5],"leading":[6],"to":[7,100,186],"impaired":[8],"mobility,":[9],"reduced":[10],"walking":[11,40,108],"speed,":[12],"and":[13,18,39,56,75,114,131,140,163,190,193],"limited":[14],"participation":[15],"in":[16,95],"daily":[17],"social":[19],"activities.":[20],"Powered":[21],"prosthetic":[22,93],"knees":[23],"can":[24,168],"partially":[25],"restore":[26],"mobility":[27],"by":[28],"actively":[29],"assisting":[30],"knee":[31,94,127],"joint":[32],"torque,":[33],"improving":[34],"gait":[35,54,121],"symmetry,":[36],"sit-to-stand":[37],"transitions,":[38],"speed.":[41],"However,":[42],"added":[43,180],"mass":[44,62,166],"from":[45],"powered":[46,92,173],"components":[47],"may":[48,70],"diminish":[49],"these":[50,188],"benefits,":[51],"negatively":[52],"affecting":[53],"mechanics":[55],"increasing":[57],"metabolic":[58],"cost.":[59],"Consequently,":[60],"optimizing":[61],"distribution,":[63],"rather":[64],"than":[65],"simply":[66],"minimizing":[67],"total":[68],"mass,":[69],"provide":[71],"a":[72,91,96],"more":[73],"effective":[74],"practical":[76],"solution.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79],"exploratory":[80],"study,":[81],"we":[82],"evaluated":[83],"the":[84,103,143,146,170],"feasibility":[85],"of":[86,129,145,172,179],"above-knee":[87,104,158],"powertrain":[88],"placement":[89,159],"for":[90,111],"small":[97],"cohort.":[98],"Compared":[99],"below-knee":[101],"placement,":[102],"configuration":[105],"demonstrated":[106],"improved":[107],"speed":[109],"(+9.2%":[110],"one":[112],"participant)":[113],"cadence":[115],"(+3.6%),":[116],"with":[117],"mixed":[118],"effects":[119,178],"on":[120,138],"symmetry.":[122],"Kinematic":[123],"measures":[124],"indicated":[125],"similar":[126],"range":[128],"motion":[130],"peak":[132],"velocity":[133],"across":[134,149],"configurations.":[135],"Additional":[136],"testing":[137],"ramps":[139],"stairs":[141],"confirmed":[142],"robustness":[144],"control":[147],"strategy":[148],"multiple":[150],"locomotion":[151],"tasks.":[152],"These":[153],"preliminary":[154],"findings":[155],"suggest":[156],"that":[157,164],"is":[160],"functionally":[161],"feasible":[162],"careful":[165],"distribution":[167],"preserve":[169],"benefits":[171],"assistance":[174],"while":[175],"mitigating":[176],"adverse":[177],"weight.":[181],"Further":[182],"studies":[183],"are":[184],"needed":[185],"confirm":[187],"trends":[189],"guide":[191],"design":[192],"clinical":[194],"recommendations.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2026-02-21T00:00:00"}