{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130318375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307","title":"What Do Neurons Listen To? A Neuron-level Dissection of a General-purpose Audio Model","display_name":"What Do Neurons Listen To? A Neuron-level Dissection of a General-purpose Audio Model","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130318375","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050509317","display_name":"Takao Kawamura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3935-2809"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kawamura, Takao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091219538","display_name":"Daisuke Niizumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5063-0508"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niizumi, Daisuke","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126294602","display_name":"Nobutaka Ono","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ono, Nobutaka","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050509317"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.4733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.4733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10788","display_name":"Neuroscience and Music Perception","score":0.10189999639987946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.06509999930858612,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.5902000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5557000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-model","display_name":"Computational model","score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audio-signal-processing","display_name":"Audio signal processing","score":0.3140999972820282}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.5902000069618225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5557000041007996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4927000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.3327000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127220857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2719318","display_name":"Audio signal processing","level":4,"score":0.3140999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28427503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13580300","display_name":"Internal model","level":3,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.15307","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.735210120677948}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,117],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,48],"analyze":[4],"the":[5,28,32,43,69,119],"internal":[6,29,135],"representations":[7],"of":[8,35,45,71,124],"a":[9,17,108,125],"general-purpose":[10,126],"audio":[11,37,127],"self-supervised":[12],"learning":[13],"(SSL)":[14],"model":[15],"from":[16],"neuron-level":[18,122],"perspective.":[19],"Despite":[20],"their":[21],"strong":[22],"empirical":[23],"performance":[24],"as":[25,95],"feature":[26],"extractors,":[27],"mechanisms":[30],"underlying":[31],"robust":[33],"generalization":[34],"SSL":[36,66,128],"models":[38,67],"remain":[39],"unclear.":[40],"Drawing":[41],"on":[42,111],"framework":[44],"mechanistic":[46],"interpretability,":[47],"identify":[49],"and":[50,91,98],"examine":[51],"class-specific":[52,72],"neurons":[53,73,83,106],"by":[54],"analyzing":[55],"conditional":[56],"activation":[57],"patterns":[58],"across":[59,78,87],"diverse":[60],"tasks.":[61],"Our":[62],"analysis":[63,123],"reveals":[64],"that":[65,74,104],"foster":[68],"emergence":[70],"provide":[75],"extensive":[76],"coverage":[77],"novel":[79],"task":[80],"classes.":[81],"These":[82],"exhibit":[84],"shared":[85],"responses":[86],"different":[88],"semantic":[89],"categories":[90],"acoustic":[92],"similarities,":[93],"such":[94],"speech":[96],"attributes":[97],"musical":[99],"pitch.":[100],"We":[101],"also":[102],"confirm":[103],"these":[105],"have":[107],"functional":[109],"impact":[110],"classification":[112],"performance.":[113],"To":[114],"our":[115],"knowledge,":[116],"is":[118],"first":[120],"systematic":[121],"model,":[129],"providing":[130],"new":[131],"insights":[132],"into":[133],"its":[134],"representation.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-19T06:31:58.851227","created_date":"2026-02-19T00:00:00"}