{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7129634802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.13967","title":"Neuromem: A Granular Decomposition of the Streaming Lifecycle in External Memory for LLMs","display_name":"Neuromem: A Granular Decomposition of the Streaming Lifecycle in External Memory for LLMs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7129634802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.13967"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.13967","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126216005","display_name":"Ruicheng Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Ruicheng","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126264858","display_name":"Xinyi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li, Xinyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5123587747","display_name":"Tianyi Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xu, Tianyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126248780","display_name":"Shuhao Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Shuhao","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Liao, Xiaofei","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liao, Xiaofei","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126266959","display_name":"Hai Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin, Hai","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5126216005"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.4320000112056732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10286","display_name":"Information Retrieval and Search Behavior","score":0.4320000112056732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10317","display_name":"Advanced Database Systems and Queries","score":0.16369999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.07289999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auxiliary-memory","display_name":"Auxiliary memory","score":0.519599974155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleaved-memory","display_name":"Interleaved memory","score":0.5063999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-management","display_name":"Memory management","score":0.49619999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.49070000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-model","display_name":"Memory model","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-dependent-memory","display_name":"Context-dependent memory","score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flat-memory-model","display_name":"Flat memory model","score":0.40860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.3921999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extended-memory","display_name":"Extended memory","score":0.3781000077724457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82687282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Auxiliary memory","level":2,"score":0.519599974155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63511323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908936","display_name":"Interleaved memory","level":4,"score":0.5063999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176649486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2308807","display_name":"Memory management","level":3,"score":0.49619999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.49070000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12186640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6815743","display_name":"Memory model","level":3,"score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76679254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165163","display_name":"Context-dependent memory","level":4,"score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57863822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905488","display_name":"Flat memory model","level":4,"score":0.40860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.3921999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38359999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171675096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143380","display_name":"Extended memory","level":4,"score":0.3781000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51290061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1936765","display_name":"Uniform memory access","level":4,"score":0.3684000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74426580","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719484","display_name":"Memory map","level":3,"score":0.3571999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.35010001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136886441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q926129","display_name":"Normalization (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.34599998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78548338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2493","display_name":"Data compression","level":2,"score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.3285999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.3278000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39528615","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229610","display_name":"Distributed shared memory","level":5,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48455012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2892593","display_name":"Memory consolidation","level":3,"score":0.31200000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.30889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123593499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6008583","display_name":"In-Memory Processing","level":5,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781357197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5757597","display_name":"High memory","level":2,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162984825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339072","display_name":"Database normalization","level":3,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119907115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6815725","display_name":"Memory errors","level":3,"score":0.27320000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2721000015735626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133875982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764810","display_name":"Shared memory","level":2,"score":0.2702000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.2694000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180016635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2712821","display_name":"Compression (physics)","level":2,"score":0.26840001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.2517000138759613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28180684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4080983","display_name":"Memory safety","level":3,"score":0.25049999356269836}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.13967","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.13967","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.13967","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.13967","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"evaluations":[1],"of":[2,65],"External":[3,77],"Memory":[4,78],"Module":[5],"assume":[6],"a":[7,17,72,120],"static":[8],"setting:":[9],"memory":[10,22,35,55,93,138,151],"is":[11,23,41],"built":[12],"offline":[13],"and":[14,33,48,63,85,103,113,127,142,163,172],"queried":[15],"at":[16],"fixed":[18],"state.":[19],"In":[20,44],"practice,":[21],"streaming:":[24],"new":[25],"facts":[26],"arrive":[27],"continuously,":[28],"insertions":[29],"interleave":[30],"with":[31,174],"retrievals,":[32],"the":[34,39,53,59,146,156],"state":[36],"evolves":[37],"while":[38,160],"model":[40],"serving":[42,122],"queries.":[43],"this":[45],"regime,":[46],"accuracy":[47,176],"cost":[49,169],"are":[50],"governed":[51],"by":[52],"full":[54],"lifecycle,":[56],"which":[57],"encompasses":[58],"ingestion,":[60],"maintenance,":[61],"retrieval,":[62],"integration":[64,105,165],"information":[66],"into":[67,89],"generation.":[68],"We":[69],"present":[70],"Neuromem,":[71],"scalable":[73],"testbed":[74],"that":[75,133],"benchmarks":[76],"Modules":[79],"under":[80],"an":[81],"interleaved":[82],"insertion-and-retrieval":[83],"protocol":[84],"decomposes":[86],"its":[87],"lifecycle":[88],"five":[90],"dimensions":[91],"including":[92],"data":[94,152],"structure,":[95],"normalization":[96],"strategy,":[97,102],"consolidation":[98],"policy,":[99],"query":[100],"formulation":[101],"context":[104],"mechanism.":[106],"Using":[107],"three":[108],"representative":[109],"datasets":[110],"LOCOMO,":[111],"LONGMEMEVAL,":[112],"MEMORYAGENTBENCH,":[114],"Neuromem":[115],"evaluates":[116],"interchangeable":[117],"variants":[118],"within":[119],"shared":[121],"stack,":[123],"reporting":[124],"token-level":[125],"F1":[126],"insertion/retrieval":[128],"latency.":[129],"Overall,":[130],"we":[131],"observe":[132],"performance":[134],"typically":[135],"degrades":[136],"as":[137],"grows":[139],"across":[140],"rounds,":[141],"time-related":[143],"queries":[144],"remain":[145],"most":[147],"challenging":[148],"category.":[149],"The":[150],"structure":[153],"largely":[154],"determines":[155],"attainable":[157],"quality":[158],"frontier,":[159],"aggressive":[161],"compression":[162],"generative":[164],"mechanisms":[166],"mostly":[167],"shift":[168],"between":[170],"insertion":[171],"retrieval":[173],"limited":[175],"gain.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2026-02-18T00:00:00"}
