{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128766946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.11729","title":"Cross-Architecture Model Diffing with Crosscoders: Unsupervised Discovery of Differences Between LLMs","display_name":"Cross-Architecture Model Diffing with Crosscoders: Unsupervised Discovery of Differences Between LLMs","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128766946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.11729"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.11729","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jiralerspong, Thomas","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiralerspong, Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125930235","display_name":"Trenton Bricken","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bricken, Trenton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.17857143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.38339999318122864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.38339999318122864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.11810000240802765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.09229999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4745999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exceptionalism","display_name":"Exceptionalism","score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.45410001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.43700000643730164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6488000154495239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5788000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4745999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4717000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777995107","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076085","display_name":"Exceptionalism","level":3,"score":0.4668000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.45410001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.44620001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.43700000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45493050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7884934","display_name":"Unified Model","level":2,"score":0.38260000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.34200000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.30889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171686336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532085","display_name":"Topic model","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.11729","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.11729","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2602.11729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2602.11729","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6411694884300232,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Model":[0],"diffing,":[1],"the":[2,81],"process":[3],"of":[4,64,84],"comparing":[5,34],"models'":[6],"internal":[7],"representations":[8],"to":[9,53,74,86,100,105],"identify":[10],"their":[11],"differences,":[12],"is":[13],"a":[14,35,132],"promising":[15],"approach":[16],"for":[17,152],"uncovering":[18],"safety-critical":[19],"behaviors":[20],"in":[21,113,123,129,136],"new":[22,42],"models.":[23,159],"However,":[24],"its":[25,39],"application":[26,83],"has":[27],"so":[28],"far":[29],"been":[30,72],"primarily":[31],"focused":[32],"on":[33],"base":[36,75],"model":[37,55,66,88,146],"with":[38],"finetune.":[40],"Since":[41],"LLM":[43],"releases":[44],"are":[45,51,60],"often":[46],"novel":[47],"architectures,":[48],"cross-architecture":[49,65,87,144],"methods":[50],"essential":[52],"make":[54],"diffing":[56,67,89,147],"widely":[57],"applicable.":[58],"Crosscoders":[59,94],"one":[61,106],"solution":[62],"capable":[63],"but":[68],"have":[69],"only":[70],"ever":[71],"applied":[73],"vs":[76],"finetune":[77],"comparisons.":[78],"We":[79],"provide":[80],"first":[82],"crosscoders":[85],"and":[90,125,131],"introduce":[91],"Dedicated":[92],"Feature":[93],"(DFCs),":[95],"an":[96,114,149],"architectural":[97],"modification":[98],"designed":[99],"better":[101],"isolate":[102],"features":[103,117],"unique":[104],"model.":[107],"Using":[108],"this":[109],"technique,":[110],"we":[111],"find":[112],"unsupervised":[115],"fashion":[116],"including":[118],"Chinese":[119],"Communist":[120],"Party":[121],"alignment":[122],"Qwen3-8B":[124],"Deepseek-R1-0528-Qwen3-8B,":[126],"American":[127],"exceptionalism":[128],"Llama3.1-8B-Instruct,":[130],"copyright":[133],"refusal":[134],"mechanism":[135],"GPT-OSS-20B.":[137],"Together,":[138],"our":[139],"results":[140],"work":[141],"towards":[142],"establishing":[143],"crosscoder":[145],"as":[148],"effective":[150],"method":[151],"identifying":[153],"meaningful":[154],"behavioral":[155],"differences":[156],"between":[157],"AI":[158]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2026-02-14T00:00:00"}
